Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Molecules. 2022 Jun 29;27(13):4171. doi: 10.3390/molecules27134171.
Nowadays, there is great interest in the use of plant waste to obtain materials for environmental protection. In this study, silica powders were prepared with a simple and low-cost procedure from biomass materials such as horsetail and common reed, as well as wheat and rye straws. The starting biomass materials were leached in a boiling HCl solution. After washing and drying, the samples were incinerated at 700 °C for 1 h in air. The organic components of the samples were burned leaving final white powders. These powders were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and low-temperature nitrogen sorption. The amorphous powders (biosilica) contained mainly SiO, as indicated by FTIR analysis. Horsetail-derived silica was chosen for testing the removal of dichromate ions from water solutions. This biosilica had a good ability to adsorb Cr(VI) ions, which increased after modification of the powder with the dodecylamine surfactant. It can be concluded that the applied procedure allowed obtaining high purity biosilica from plant waste with good efficiency. The produced biosilica was helpful in removing chromium ions and showed low cytotoxicity to human endothelial cells, suggesting that it can be safely used in environmental remediation.
如今，人们对利用植物废料获取环保材料的兴趣日益浓厚。在这项研究中，我们采用简单且低成本的方法，从马尾草、芦苇等生物质材料以及小麦和黑麦秸秆中制备了硅酸钠粉末。将起始生物质材料在沸腾的 HCl 溶液中浸取。洗涤并干燥后，将样品在空气中于 700°C 下煅烧 1 小时。样品中的有机成分燃烧后，最终得到白色粉末。这些粉末通过粉末 X 射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、动态光散射（DLS）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和低温氮气吸附进行了表征。FTIR 分析表明，无定形粉末（生物硅）主要含有 SiO。选择马尾草衍生的硅酸钠来测试其从水溶液中去除重铬酸根离子的能力。这种生物硅酸钠对 Cr(VI) 离子具有良好的吸附能力，经过十二胺表面活性剂改性后，其吸附能力增强。可以得出结论，所采用的方法可从植物废料中高效地获得高纯度的生物硅酸钠。所制备的生物硅酸钠有助于去除铬离子，对人内皮细胞的细胞毒性低，表明其可安全地用于环境修复。
