Research Center for Total Amount Control and Emission Trading, Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, China.
Lancaster University Management School, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
J Environ Manage. 2020 May 1;261:110207. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110207. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
Over the past few decades, the pollutant emissions trading policies in China have undergone significant innovation and exploration. It is considered as a market-based approach that became integrated with command-and-control mechanisms such as total emissions control or pollution permits. This study is the first to provide systematic, reflective thinking that tracks the regional initiatives of pollutant emissions trading systems in China. In this article, we divided China's emissions trading practices into three stages and conducted a comparative qualitative analysis of the country's eleven provincial emissions trading pilots. We found that provincial pilots are highly diverse and complex regarding the pollutants that can be traded, the industrial sectors involved, the design of trading administration and processes, and the implementation of trading practices such as allowance, pricing and platforms. We also identified four main challenges: legislation setup, monitoring and verification, administrative interference, and the technical quantification of pollutant hotspots. We conclude the article by providing policy implications so that emissions trading policies can be integrated with the newly developed pollution permitting system.
在过去几十年中，中国的污染物排放交易政策经历了重大的创新和探索。它被认为是一种市场手段，可以与总量控制或污染许可证等命令和控制机制相结合。本研究首次提供了系统的、反思性的思考，跟踪了中国污染物排放交易系统的区域倡议。在本文中，我们将中国的排放交易实践分为三个阶段，并对中国十一个省级排放交易试点进行了比较定性分析。我们发现，省级试点在可以交易的污染物、涉及的工业部门、交易管理和流程的设计以及排放许可、定价和平台等交易实践的实施等方面存在高度的多样性和复杂性。我们还确定了四个主要挑战：立法设置、监测和核查、行政干预以及污染物热点的技术量化。最后，我们通过提供政策启示来结束本文，以便排放交易政策可以与新开发的污染许可制度相结合。
