Civil Engineering Department, SV National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, India.
Civil Engineering Department, SV National Institute of Technology, Surat, 395007, India.
J Environ Manage. 2020 May 1;261:110266. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110266. Epub 2020 Mar 2.
Due to depletion of water resources and increased water demand, greywater reuse is gaining popularity as a means of water conservation all over the world. Availability of reliable data on greywater generation and quality characteristics is important in deciding the treatment system and the reuse option. This paper summarises quantity and quality characteristics of greywater reported from different parts of the world. Greywater generation from different countries is compared and its variability is discussed. Important pollutants of concern in greywater such as organic content, nutrients, microorganisms, metals and organic micropollutants from different greywater sources such as bathrooms, hand basins, kitchen and laundry are described. The review shows large variations in greywater quality and quantity with respect to time and source, and the selection of a treatment system would largely depend on this variability. The review also shows that at the levels found in greywater, heavy metals and organic micropollutants in recycled greywater generally do not pose a threat to human health if treated properly.
由于水资源的枯竭和用水需求的增加，灰水再利用作为一种节约用水的手段在全世界范围内越来越受欢迎。可靠的灰水产生和质量特性数据对于决定处理系统和再利用方案非常重要。本文总结了来自世界不同地区的灰水的数量和质量特性。比较了不同国家的灰水产生情况，并讨论了其可变性。描述了来自不同灰水来源（浴室、洗手盆、厨房和洗衣房）的灰水中的重要污染物，如有机物质、营养物质、微生物、金属和有机微污染物。综述表明，灰水的质量和数量随时间和来源而有很大的变化，处理系统的选择在很大程度上取决于这种可变性。综述还表明，如果处理得当，在灰水中发现的重金属和有机微污染物的浓度通常不会对人体健康构成威胁。
