Kebebe Tadesse, Assaye Hirut
1Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
2Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
BMC Nutr. 2017 Jul 5;3:53. doi: 10.1186/s40795-017-0174-y. eCollection 2017.
World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that bottle feeding should be avoided for infant and young child feeding since it has an impact on optimal breastfeeding, appropriate complementary feeding and bottles with a nipple are prone to contamination. The objectives of this study were to determine intention, magnitude and factors associated with bottle feeding among mothers of 0-23 months infants and children.
Community based cross sectional study was conducted from February to May 2016. A total of 422 mothers who had children 0-23 months were included in the study. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study subjects. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer administered structured questionnaire. The data were cleaned, coded, entered in to EPI-INFO version 3.5.4, and transferred and analyzed using SPSS. Odds ratio was calculated with 95% CI to identify factors associated with bottle feeding practice. -values less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
The prevalence of bottle-feeding in this study was 19.6% and another 27.6% mothers have intention of bottle feeding. Being infant age of 0-5 months [AOR = 0.27;95% CI:(0.12,0.62)] and being a housewife [AOR = 0.37;95% CI:(0.21,0.67)] were negatively associated while having three under five children [AOR = 2.77;95% CI:(1.07,7.14)], not attending PNC follow-up [AOR = 2.13;95% CI:(1.19,4.97)], lower age of mothers [AOR = 3.38;95% CI:(1.48,7.73)] and not counseled on bottle feeding [AOR = 2.18;95% CI:(1.24,3.83)] were positively associated with bottle feeding.
The prevalence of bottle feeding in the study area was high compared to the national prevalence of bottle feeding. Working outside home, lower maternal age, older age of children, having more than one under five children in the household, not attending PNC follow-up and not counseled on bottle feeding were found to be risk factors associated with bottle feeding practice in the study area.
世界卫生组织（WHO）建议避免使用奶瓶喂养婴幼儿，因为这会影响最佳母乳喂养、适当的辅食添加，并且带奶嘴的奶瓶容易受到污染。本研究的目的是确定0至23个月婴幼儿母亲中奶瓶喂养的意愿、程度及相关因素。
于2016年2月至5月进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。共有422名有0至23个月孩子的母亲纳入研究。采用系统随机抽样选择研究对象。通过预先测试的调查员管理的结构化问卷收集数据。对数据进行清理、编码，录入EPI-INFO 3.5.4版本，并使用SPSS进行数据转移和分析。计算比值比及95%置信区间以确定与奶瓶喂养行为相关的因素。P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
本研究中奶瓶喂养的患病率为19.6%，另有27.6%的母亲有奶瓶喂养的意愿。0至5个月的婴儿[AOR = 0.27；95%置信区间：(0.12, 0.62)]和家庭主妇[AOR = 0.37；95%置信区间：(0.21, 0.67)]与奶瓶喂养呈负相关，而家中有三个五岁以下儿童[AOR = 2.77；95%置信区间：(1.07, 7.14)]、未参加产后护理随访[AOR = 2.13；95%置信区间：(1.19, 4.97)]、母亲年龄较小[AOR = 3.38；95%置信区间：(1.48, 7.73)]以及未接受奶瓶喂养咨询[AOR = 2.18；95%置信区间：(1.24, 3.83)]与奶瓶喂养呈正相关。
与全国奶瓶喂养患病率相比，研究地区的奶瓶喂养患病率较高。外出工作、母亲年龄较小、孩子年龄较大、家中有多个五岁以下儿童、未参加产后护理随访以及未接受奶瓶喂养咨询被发现是研究地区与奶瓶喂养行为相关的危险因素。
