Samie Amidou, Mahlaule Leah, Mbati Peter, Nozaki Tomoyoshi, ElBakri Ali
Molecular Parasitology and Opportunistic infections program, Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, South Africa.
Botho University, Botho Education Park, Kgale, Gaborone, Botswana.
Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2020 Feb 20;18:e00076. doi: 10.1016/j.fawpar.2020.e00076. eCollection 2020 Mar.
Amoebiasis occurs worldwide and affects about 20-50 million people annually. Stool samples were collected from patients attending different rural clinics in Northern South Africa in the present study. Microscopic examination was performed for the initial detection of parasites. A multiplex PCR protocol based on the small subunit rRNA gene of , , and , was used for the differential detection of the three species (collectively referred to as complex). A total of 170 participants were recruited in the study, with a mean age of 35.9 ± 17.8 years and a median of 37.0 years. The prevalence of species was found to be 34.7% and 33% by PCR and microscopy, respectively. had a prevalence of 4.1%, 14.7% and 15.9%. Of the three species, only was significantly associated with diarrhoea and was more prevalent among HIV patients even in the absence of diarrhoea while the other two were not, although the difference was not significant ( > 0.05). This is the first study in South Africa to describe the prevalence of . was significantly associated with abdominal pains ( = 0.003). Further studies are needed to clarify the role of and in abdominal pain and diarrhoea.
阿米巴病在全球范围内均有发生，每年影响约2000万至5000万人。在本研究中，从南非北部不同乡村诊所就诊的患者中采集粪便样本。进行显微镜检查以初步检测寄生虫。基于溶组织内阿米巴、迪斯帕内阿米巴和莫氏内阿米巴的小亚基rRNA基因的多重PCR方案用于这三种内阿米巴物种（统称为内阿米巴复合体）的鉴别检测。该研究共招募了170名参与者，平均年龄为35.9±17.8岁，中位数为37.0岁。通过PCR和显微镜检查发现，溶组织内阿米巴物种的患病率分别为34.7%和33%。迪斯帕内阿米巴的患病率为4.1%，莫氏内阿米巴为14.7%，结肠内阿米巴为15.9%。在这三种物种中，只有溶组织内阿米巴与腹泻显著相关，并且在HIV患者中更为普遍，即使在没有腹泻的情况下也是如此，而其他两种则不然，尽管差异不显著（P>0.05）。这是南非第一项描述内阿米巴复合体患病率的研究。结肠内阿米巴与腹痛显著相关（P=0.003）。需要进一步研究以阐明莫氏内阿米巴和结肠内阿米巴在腹痛和腹泻中的作用。
