Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA; email:
Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng. 2020 Jun 7;11:503-521. doi: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-092319-080240. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
Ammonia is a critically important industrial chemical and is largely responsible for sustaining the growing global population. To provide ammonia to underdeveloped regions and/or regions far from industrial production hubs, modular systems have been targeted and often involve unconventional production methodologies. These novel approaches for ammonia production can tap renewable resources at smaller scales located at the point of use, while decreasing the CO footprint. Plasma-assisted catalysis and electrochemical ammonia synthesis have promise owing to their atmospheric pressure and low-temperature operation conditions and the ability to construct units at scales desired for modularization. Fundamental and applied studies are underway to assess these processes, although many unknowns remain. In this review, we discuss recent developments and opportunities for unconventional ammonia synthesis with a focus on plasma-stimulated systems.
氨是一种至关重要的工业化学品，在很大程度上维持着全球人口的增长。为了向欠发达地区和/或远离工业生产中心的地区提供氨，人们已经将目标锁定在模块化系统上，并且经常涉及非传统的生产方法。这些生产氨的新方法可以在使用点利用较小规模的可再生资源，同时减少 CO 足迹。等离子体辅助催化和电化学氨合成具有广阔的前景，因为它们的操作条件为常压和低温，并且能够按模块化所需的规模构建单元。目前正在进行基础研究和应用研究来评估这些工艺，尽管仍有许多未知因素。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了非常规氨合成的最新发展和机遇，重点是等离子体刺激系统。
