Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, EPSYLON EA 4556, F34000, Montpellier, France.
Centre National de Référence Narcolepsie Hypersomnies, Unité des Troubles du Sommeil, Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France; Inserm U1061, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
Psychiatry Res. 2020 May;287:112901. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112901. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Sleepiness and mind-wandering are frequently experienced by patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), without ever having been jointly explored. We aimed to investigate the co-occurrence of these two phenomena in ADHD adults. Drug-free ADHD adults (n = 25) and healthy controls (n = 28) underwent an online experience sampling of mind-wandering episodes and subjective sleepiness. Participants completed self-reported measures of mind-wandering and sleepiness in daily life. Higher trait of mind-wandering was observed in ADHD patients compared to controls. On the whole sample, self-reported mind-wandering propensity was strongly associated with the severity of inattentive, impulsive and hyperactive symptoms. During the probes, patients reported more frequent episodes of mind-wandering and mind-blanking, and higher sleepiness. Their mind-wandering episodes were less intentional and belonged less frequently to a structured succession of thoughts. In both groups, mind-wandering and mind-blanking were associated with higher sleepiness. On the SART, patients were less accurate than controls. We provide first initial evidence for higher propensity of mind-wandering and mind-blanking using experience sampling in patients with formal ADHD diagnosis. This propensity was associated with sleepiness without negatively impacting attention performances. Mind-wandering and sleepiness have common determinants potentially involved in ADHD pathophysiology. Correlates of mind-blanking in ADHD adults remain to be characterized.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者经常会经历困倦和思维漫游，但这两种现象从未被同时探讨过。我们旨在研究 ADHD 成年患者中这两种现象的同时发生情况。我们对 25 名未用药的 ADHD 成年患者和 28 名健康对照者进行了在线思维漫游发作和主观困倦体验抽样。参与者完成了日常生活中思维漫游和困倦的自我报告测量。与对照组相比，ADHD 患者的特质思维漫游倾向更高。在整个样本中，自我报告的思维漫游倾向与注意力不集中、冲动和多动症状的严重程度密切相关。在这些探测中，患者报告了更多的思维漫游和思维空白发作，以及更高的困倦感。他们的思维漫游发作不那么有意，也不经常属于有组织的思想连续体。在两组中，思维漫游和思维空白都与更高的困倦感有关。在 SART 上，患者的准确性低于对照组。我们使用经验抽样法为正式 ADHD 诊断患者提供了更高的思维漫游和思维空白倾向的初步证据。这种倾向与困倦有关，而不会对注意力表现产生负面影响。思维漫游和困倦有共同的决定因素，可能与 ADHD 的病理生理学有关。ADHD 成人思维空白的相关性仍有待描述。
