Apostu Dragos, Lucaciu Ondine, Oltean-Dan Daniel, Mureșan Alexandru-Dorin, Moisescu-Pop Cristina, Maxim Andrei, Benea Horea
Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca 400132, Romania.
Department of Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu", Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2020 Mar 7;10(3):149. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10030149.
Thyroid hormones are important factors that regulate metabolism and cell differentiation throughout the human body. A complication of thyroid pathology is represented by an alteration of the bone metabolism which can lead to osteoporosis and fragility fractures, known to have a high mortality rate. Although there is a consensus on the negative impact of hyperthyroidism on bone metabolism, when referring to hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, or subclinical hyperthyroidism, there is no general agreement. The aim of our review was to update clinicians and researchers about the current data regarding the bone health in hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism patients. Thyroid disorders have an important impact on bone metabolism and fracture risk, such that hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and subclinical hyperthyroidism are associated with a decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fracture. Subclinical hypothyroidism, on the other hand, is not associated with osteoporosis or fragility fractures, and subclinical hyperthyroidism treatment with radioiodine could improve bone health.
甲状腺激素是调节人体新陈代谢和细胞分化的重要因素。甲状腺疾病的一个并发症表现为骨代谢改变，这可能导致骨质疏松和脆性骨折，已知其死亡率很高。尽管对于甲状腺功能亢进对骨代谢的负面影响已达成共识，但在提及甲状腺功能减退、亚临床甲状腺功能减退或亚临床甲状腺功能亢进时，尚无普遍共识。我们综述的目的是向临床医生和研究人员更新有关甲状腺功能减退、亚临床甲状腺功能减退和亚临床甲状腺功能亢进患者骨骼健康的当前数据。甲状腺疾病对骨代谢和骨折风险有重要影响，因此甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺功能减退和亚临床甲状腺功能亢进与骨矿物质密度（BMD）降低和骨折风险增加相关。另一方面，亚临床甲状腺功能减退与骨质疏松或脆性骨折无关，用放射性碘治疗亚临床甲状腺功能亢进可改善骨骼健康。
