Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.
Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(10):1062-1078. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200310142803.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease affecting approximately 25% of the global population. There is a strong association between the severity of NAFLD and the components of the metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is also independently associated with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The progressive potential of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is indisputable today, and the histological spectrum of NAFLD ranges from isolated steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with risk of developing fibrosis and subsequent cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is a substantial inter-patient variation in disease progression, therefore, this review will focus on potential modifiers of fibrosis progression, development of liver cirrhosis, decompensation and liver-related mortality. The potential drivers of disease progression that is discussed are; T2DM and Insulin Resistance, body weight, alcohol consumption, genetics (including HFE and alfa-1-antitrypsin) as well as histological features predictive of disease progression.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是影响全球约 25%人口的最常见慢性肝病病因。NAFLD 的严重程度与代谢综合征的成分之间存在密切关联。NAFLD 还与心血管疾病和 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）独立相关。如今，非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的进展潜力是不可争议的，NAFLD 的组织学谱从单纯性脂肪变性到非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）不等，存在发生纤维化和随后肝硬化以及肝细胞癌的风险。疾病进展在患者间存在很大差异，因此，本综述将重点关注纤维化进展、肝硬化发展、失代偿和与肝脏相关的死亡率的潜在影响因素。讨论的疾病进展的潜在驱动因素包括：2 型糖尿病和胰岛素抵抗、体重、酒精摄入、遗传因素（包括 HFE 和α-1-抗胰蛋白酶）以及预测疾病进展的组织学特征。
