Moazzami Bobak, Majidzadeh-A Keivan, Dooghaie-Moghadam Arash, Eslami Pegah, Razavi-Khorasani Niloofar, Iravani Shahrokh, Khoshdel Alireza, Shahi Farhad, Dashti Habibolah, Mehrvar Azim, Nassiri Toosi Mohssen
Liver Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Gastrointest Cancer. 2020 Sep;51(3):774-781. doi: 10.1007/s12029-020-00390-3.
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most frequent primary liver tumor and defined as the heterogeneous group of tumors derived from cells in the biliary tree.
Based on the anatomical locations (intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal), there are various approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of CCA. Imaging modalities, staging classifications, understandings around natural behavior of CCA, and therapeutic strategies have had remarkable progress in recent years.
This article reviews and discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment modalities of CCA; determines the appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria for liver transplantation (LT); and defines the risk of disease progression for patients in the waiting list of LT.
胆管癌（CCA）是第二常见的原发性肝肿瘤，被定义为源自胆管树细胞的异质性肿瘤组。
基于解剖位置（肝内、肝门周围和远端），CCA的诊断和治疗有多种方法。近年来，成像方式、分期分类、对CCA自然行为的认识以及治疗策略都取得了显著进展。
本文回顾并讨论了CCA的流行病学、临床表现、诊断和治疗方式；确定了肝移植（LT）的适当纳入和排除标准；并定义了LT等待名单上患者的疾病进展风险。
