Mazur Lucas B, Gormsen Erik
Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Sigmund Freud University, Berlin, Germany.
J Gen Intern Med. 2020 Aug;35(8):2347-2351. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-05734-0. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
There are currently roughly 10,000 Germans on the organ waiting list, and that number is over 113,000 in the USA. There is a clear need to increase support for organ donation in general and to increase the number of registered donors in particular.
The current study examines the relationship between disgust sensitivity and attitudes towards organ donation and the possession of an organ donor card. The study also examines other important correlates of attitudes towards organ donation, such as fear, trust, and knowledge regarding organ donation.
The study involved an online questionnaire.
Six hundred and eighteen Germans filled out an online questionnaire.
The questionnaire contained the following measures: attitude towards organ donation, disgust sensitivity, trust towards the medical community, fear of organ donation, and knowledge regarding organ donation, as well as such demographic information as age, biological sex, degree of formal education, religious affiliation and level of religiosity, political orientation, and possession of an organ donor card.
The results replicated previous findings regarding the influence of trust and fear on attitudes towards organ donation, but only partially supported those regarding the importance of knowledge. Importantly, disgust sensitivity had a significant impact on attitudes towards organ donation, even after controlling for other variables hereto identified as important correlates in the literature (e.g., fear, trust, knowledge). What is more, there was a significant interaction between biological sex and disgust sensitivity indicating that the relationship between disgust sensitivity and attitudes towards organ donation was stronger among women than men.
While disgust is often disregarded as a "silly," bairnish emotion and unbefitting of discussions of serious issues such as organ donation, in line with the "affective turn" in psychology, the results of the current study suggest that in order to improve attitudes towards organ donation, we should take feelings of disgust seriously.
目前德国约有10000人在器官等待名单上，而在美国这一数字超过113000。显然，总体上需要加大对器官捐赠的支持力度，尤其要增加登记捐赠者的数量。
本研究考察厌恶敏感性与对器官捐赠的态度以及拥有器官捐赠卡之间的关系。该研究还考察了对器官捐赠态度的其他重要相关因素，如恐惧、信任以及有关器官捐赠的知识。
该研究采用在线问卷的方式。
618名德国人填写了在线问卷。
问卷包含以下测量内容：对器官捐赠的态度、厌恶敏感性、对医疗界的信任、对器官捐赠的恐惧、有关器官捐赠的知识，以及年龄、生理性别、正规教育程度、宗教信仰和宗教虔诚程度、政治倾向和拥有器官捐赠卡等人口统计学信息。
研究结果重复了先前关于信任和恐惧对器官捐赠态度影响的研究发现，但仅部分支持了关于知识重要性的研究发现。重要的是，即使在控制了文献中确定为重要相关因素的其他变量（如恐惧、信任、知识）之后，厌恶敏感性对器官捐赠态度仍有显著影响。此外，生理性别与厌恶敏感性之间存在显著交互作用，表明厌恶敏感性与器官捐赠态度之间的关系在女性中比在男性中更强。
虽然厌恶常常被视为一种“愚蠢”、孩子气的情绪，不适合用于诸如器官捐赠等严肃问题的讨论，但与心理学中的“情感转向”一致，本研究结果表明，为了改善对器官捐赠的态度，我们应该认真对待厌恶情绪。
