KNDC1 Is a Predictive Marker of Malignant Transformation in Borderline Ovarian Tumors.

BACKGROUND

Few screening markers for malignant transformation in borderline ovarian tumors (BOT) have been clearly established. The kinase noncatalytic C-lobe domain containing 1 (KNDC1), a brain-specific Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, negatively regulates dendrite growth. However, the biological role and underlying mechanism of KNDC1 in human cancers, including ovarian cancer (OC), remain unknown.

METHODS

Gene chip screening was used to detect the expression of mRNA in normal ovarian tissues, BOT tissues, and OC tissues. And results were further validated by RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. overexpression and knockdown ovarian cancer cells were established to study the possible pathways that KNDC1 was involved. The effects of KNDC1 on the malignant behaviors of ovarian tumors were also investigated both in vitro and in vivo.

RESULTS

We observed that the expression of mRNA and KNDC1 protein in OC was significantly downregulated compared with BOT. Subsequent investigation revealed that knockdown of enhanced the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells in vitro via induction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, whereas reinforcing the expression of attenuated the ERK1/2 activity. Similarly, knockdown of also promoted cell proliferation in vivo. Survival analysis showed that lower predicted a poor progression-free survival (PFS) for patients.

CONCLUSION

Collectively, we conclude that KNDC1 might function as a tumor suppressor in ovarian tumors, inhibiting the proliferation of ovarian cells by suppressing ERK1/2 activity and hindering the malignant transformation of BOT.