Lengkat Fwangshak Ayuba, Chukwudozie Onuoha Stanley, Vincent Oladele Olasoji, James Dasun Martin, Amina Hashimu Godiya, Kenneth Onyedibe
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B 2084 Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
Department of Biotechnology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Dec 6;34:183. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.183.16665. eCollection 2019.
Disease eradication requires a long time and efficient management as compared to disease control program. After successful small pox eradication, polio virus causing poliomyelitis is choice for next eradication. The corner stone of the global polio eradication initiative is the immunization of children with multiple doses of Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) through both Routine Immunization (RI) and Supplemental Immunization Activities (SIAs). This informed our design of this prospective study. Objective is to determine levels of Immunoglobulin G antibodies produced in HIV infected children aged (one to ten years) vaccinated with Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.
One hundred and eighty-two children infected with HIV who had received Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) at least four times had their blood samples collected and assayed for the presence of Polio Specific IgG antibodies using IgG ELISA test kit (DEMEDITEC Diagnostic GmbH, Germany). Three millilitre (3ml) of venous blood samples were collected aseptically by venepuncture. Sera obtained were assayed using Enzyme immunoassay detection and quantitative determination of human IgG antibodies against poliomyelitis virus in serum and plasma (Demeditic Poliomyelitis Virus IgG ELISA DEPOL01-Germany).
The result showed that 95.6% (174/182) of the tested children had detectable IgG antibodies against polio virus. The high proportion of 95.6% recorded in this study indicates HIV infected children responded effectively to the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) being used in the ongoing polio eradication initiative. In this study, 4.4% (8/182) of the HIV infected children were not producing detectable amount of antibodies that could protect them from exposure to wild type of polio virus.
This study shows that HIV infected children had detectable antibodies (Immunoglobulin G) against polio virus. Despite the overall progress recorded in the fight against poliomyelitis in Nigeria, a lot needs to be done to further strengthen the fight against poliomyelitis in Nigeria.
与疾病控制项目相比，疾病根除需要很长时间和高效管理。在成功根除天花之后，导致脊髓灰质炎的脊髓灰质炎病毒成为下一个根除目标。全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动的基石是通过常规免疫（RI）和补充免疫活动（SIA）为儿童多次接种口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）。这为我们设计这项前瞻性研究提供了依据。目的是确定在尼日利亚高原州乔斯，接种口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）的1至10岁感染艾滋病毒儿童体内产生的免疫球蛋白G抗体水平。
182名至少接受过4次口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）接种的感染艾滋病毒儿童采集血样，使用IgG ELISA检测试剂盒（德国DEMEDITEC诊断有限公司）检测脊髓灰质炎特异性IgG抗体的存在情况。通过静脉穿刺无菌采集3毫升静脉血样。使用酶免疫测定法检测并定量测定血清和血浆中针对脊髓灰质炎病毒的人IgG抗体（德国Demeditic脊髓灰质炎病毒IgG ELISA DEPOL01）。
结果显示，95.6%（174/182）的受试儿童检测到针对脊髓灰质炎病毒的IgG抗体。本研究中记录的95.6%这一高比例表明，感染艾滋病毒的儿童对正在进行的根除脊髓灰质炎行动中使用的口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）有有效反应。在本研究中，4.4%（8/182）的感染艾滋病毒儿童未产生可检测到的能保护他们免受野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒感染的抗体量。
本研究表明，感染艾滋病毒的儿童检测到针对脊髓灰质炎病毒的抗体（免疫球蛋白G）。尽管尼日利亚在抗击脊髓灰质炎方面取得了总体进展，但仍有许多工作要做，以进一步加强尼日利亚抗击脊髓灰质炎的斗争。
