The Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Institute for Health Transformation, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Faculty of Health, Deakin Rural Health, Deakin University, Warrnambool, Victoria, Australia.
Nutr Diet. 2021 Feb;78(1):57-68. doi: 10.1111/1747-0080.12612. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
This review aimed to synthesise the evidence on the effectiveness of dietary interventions targeting adolescents (>13 years) and adults living in rural or remote Australia.
Six electronic databases were searched to identify dietary interventions undertaken in rural or remote communities. Studies were included if they utilised intervention and control comparisons or pre and post assessment of diet-related outcomes. If studies included metropolitan populations, dietary outcome measures had to be provided separately for rural data.
In total, 14 articles from 12 unique studies met the criteria for inclusion and together provided incomplete coverage across all states of Australia, included intervention studies targeted diet to address obesity, cardiovascular disease, and high blood pressure or diabetes. No studies were focussed on reducing community malnutrition. All studies, with one exception, focussed specifically on rural adults, no interventions specifically targeted adolescents in rural areas. Only two studies documented the involvement of a dietitian in intervention development or delivery. All studies produced a significant outcome for either dietary intake, body mass index, waist circumference, or diet related biomedical risk factors for individuals located in rural or remote areas of Australia.
Dietary interventions in rural Australia are under-studied, especially among the adolescent population. This is despite the high level of preventable diet-related disease burden in rural and remote Australia. Existing evidence shows promise in improving dietary intakes, but further, large scale intervention research, with the involvement of dietitians, is urgently needed to improve the health of rural communities.
本综述旨在综合评估针对澳大利亚农村或偏远地区青少年（>13 岁）和成年人的饮食干预措施的有效性。
检索了六个电子数据库，以确定在农村或偏远社区开展的饮食干预措施。如果研究采用了干预和对照比较或饮食相关结果的前后评估，则将其纳入。如果研究包括大都市人群，则必须单独提供农村数据的饮食结果衡量标准。
共有 14 篇来自 12 项独特研究的文章符合纳入标准，共同提供了澳大利亚所有州的不完全覆盖，包括针对肥胖、心血管疾病和高血压或糖尿病的饮食干预研究。没有研究专注于减少社区营养不良。所有研究（除了一项）都特别关注农村成年人，没有专门针对农村地区青少年的干预措施。只有两项研究记录了营养师参与干预措施的制定或实施。所有研究都为澳大利亚农村或偏远地区的个体的饮食摄入量、体重指数、腰围或与饮食相关的生物医学风险因素产生了显著的结果。
澳大利亚农村地区的饮食干预措施研究不足，尤其是在青少年人群中。尽管澳大利亚农村和偏远地区存在大量可预防的与饮食相关的疾病负担，但这一情况仍然存在。现有证据表明改善饮食摄入具有潜力，但迫切需要进一步开展大规模的、有营养师参与的干预研究，以改善农村社区的健康状况。
