Safonova J A, Glazunova G M
I.I.Mechnikov Northwest State Medical University, 41 Kirochnaya str., St. Petersburg 191015, Russian Federation, e-mail:
Rheumatic Clinical Hospital № 25, 30 Bolshaya Podiacheskaya str., St. Petersburg 190068, Russian Federation.
Adv Gerontol. 2019;32(6):882-888.
The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of sarcopenia in people over 65 years of age, to analyze instrumental and functional methods for studying skeletal muscle in the elderly. A case-control study of 230 participants 65 years of age and older, the average age of 74±6,5 years. Patients were divided into three age groups: 1st - 65-74 years old, 2nd - 75-84 years old, 3rd - 85 years and older. The calculation of muscle mass was carried out according to the index of appendicular muscle mass (AMM/m2) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with correction of patient growth. Muscle strength was measured with a «Jamar» hand dynamometer, muscle function was determined using a short set of physical activity tests (SPPB tests). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 30% in the presented sample and increased with increasing age of patients. There were no significant differences in the incidence of the most common chronic diseases, with the exception of obesity, which was less common in sarcopenic patients than in non-sarcopenic patients (p<0,0001). The results of the study showed that in sarcopenic patients, the AMM index (p<0,001) and muscle strength (p<0,001) were lower than in non-sarcopenic patients. The overall score of SPPB tests was low in both groups, however, in sarcopenic patients it was significantly lower than in non-sarcopenic patients (p=0,035) due to balancing tests.
该研究的目的是评估65岁以上人群中肌肉减少症的患病率，分析用于研究老年人骨骼肌的仪器和功能方法。对230名65岁及以上的参与者进行了病例对照研究，平均年龄为74±6.5岁。患者被分为三个年龄组：第一组——65 - 74岁，第二组——75 - 84岁，第三组——85岁及以上。使用双能X线吸收法（DXA）并校正患者身高，根据四肢肌肉质量指数（AMM/m²）计算肌肉质量。用“Jamar”握力计测量肌肉力量，使用一组简短的身体活动测试（SPPB测试）确定肌肉功能。在所呈现的样本中，肌肉减少症的患病率为30%，且随患者年龄增加而升高。除肥胖外，最常见的慢性病发病率无显著差异，肥胖在肌肉减少症患者中比非肌肉减少症患者中更少见（p<0.0001）。研究结果表明，肌肉减少症患者的AMM指数（p<0.001）和肌肉力量（p<0.001）低于非肌肉减少症患者。两组的SPPB测试总分都较低，然而，由于平衡测试，肌肉减少症患者的总分显著低于非肌肉减少症患者（p = 0.035）。
