Kwinten W M J, van Leuteren P G, van Duren-van Iersel M, Dik P, Jira P E
Department of Pediatric Urology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital UMC Utrecht, P.O. Box 85090, 3508, AB, the Netherlands; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
Department of Pediatric Urology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital UMC Utrecht, P.O. Box 85090, 3508, AB, the Netherlands; Novioscan, Transistorweg 5, 6534 AT Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands.
J Pediatr Urol. 2020 Apr;16(2):196.e1-196.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2020.01.012. Epub 2020 Jan 28.
Enuresis is a common problem in children. One treatment option is a wetting alarm that provides an alarm when incontinence occurs. A drawback of this approach is that the child is still awakened by wet sheets. Recently, a wearable, wireless ultrasonic bladder sensor became available, the SENS-U, which has the potential to prevent the enuretic event by waking up the child before the bladder is full. In this first feasibility study, the aim is to perform a night-time, home-based evaluation of the SENS-U in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE).
In this study, children (6-12 years) with MNE were included for a one-night monitoring session. During the night, the SENS-U continuously (i.e. every 30 s) estimated the filling status [notifications were deactivated]. In addition, urine volume was collected in a measurement cup (or diaper weight). The total measured natural nocturnal bladder filling (NNBF) cycles was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Before and after the measurement, sleep behavior was assessed by a selection of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire.
Fifteen patients (boys/girls: 13/2) [mean age: 8.6 ± 1.5 years] have been enrolled. One patient was excluded due to inadequate sensor-to-skin contact. For 14 children, 18 NNBF cycles were recorded (voiding diary) of which three patients (21%) had more than one NNBF cycle. The SENS-U was able to successfully detect 83% of the NNBF cycles. The three missed NNBF cycles had a voided volume ≤30 ml, which was at the lower limit of the sensor's detection range. The SENS-U had no effect on sleeping behavior.
The SENS-U was able to monitor the natural nocturnal bladder filling successfully in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis at home, without disturbing their sleep. Future research focuses on investigating the usability of the SENS-U for both diagnostic - and treatment purposes.
遗尿是儿童常见的问题。一种治疗选择是尿床报警器，当发生尿失禁时会发出警报。这种方法的一个缺点是孩子仍然会被湿床单唤醒。最近，一种可穿戴的无线超声膀胱传感器SENS-U问世，它有可能在膀胱充盈之前唤醒孩子，从而预防遗尿事件。在这项首次可行性研究中，目的是对单症状性夜间遗尿（MNE）儿童进行基于家庭的夜间SENS-U评估。
在本研究中，纳入了患有MNE的儿童（6 - 12岁）进行一晚的监测。夜间，SENS-U持续（即每30秒）估计膀胱充盈状态[通知功能停用]。此外，尿液收集在量杯（或尿布重量）中。通过描述性统计分析测量的总的自然夜间膀胱充盈（NNBF）周期。测量前后，通过选择儿童睡眠习惯问卷评估睡眠行为。
招募了15名患者（男孩/女孩：13/2）[平均年龄：8.6 ± 1.5岁]。一名患者因传感器与皮肤接触不良被排除。对于14名儿童，记录了18个NNBF周期（排尿日记），其中三名患者（21%）有不止一个NNBF周期。SENS-U能够成功检测到83%的NNBF周期。三个未检测到的NNBF周期的排尿量≤30毫升，这处于传感器检测范围的下限。SENS-U对睡眠行为没有影响。
SENS-U能够在家中成功监测单症状性夜间遗尿儿童的自然夜间膀胱充盈情况，且不干扰他们睡眠。未来研究重点是调查SENS-U在诊断和治疗目的方面的可用性。
