Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, PA, Brazil.
Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Oxidative Stress, Pharmacy Faculty, Institute of Health Science, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020 Dec;198(2):575-582. doi: 10.1007/s12011-020-02091-1. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
Several studies indicate aluminum (Al) as a potent toxicant, mainly related to central nervous system disorders. However, investigations about the Al effects over salivary glands are still scarce. In this way, the present study aimed to investigate whether the Al chloride (AlCl) is able of triggering oxidative stress in parotid and submandibular glands of mice and also, if any morphological impairment is observed. For this, twenty mice were divided into two groups: Exposed group (EG), which received 18.5 mg/kg of AlCl by intragastric gavage for 60 days and control group (CG), which received distilled water by intragastric gavage during the same period of time. After that, levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were analyzed and we performed morphological analyses by evaluating the area of parenchyma, stroma, acini, and ducts in both glands. Statistical analyses were performed by Student's t test and two-way ANOVA, adopting p < 0.05. No abnormal body weight was observed and data indicates that although both major salivary glands are susceptible to Al-induced oxidative stress, by increasing MDA and reducing GSH, only submandibular glands decreased the parenchyma and increased stroma area. Moreover, the submandibular glands showed smaller total area of acini and higher total area of ducts, in comparison with the control group. Notably, AlCl induces oxidative stress in both glands, however, submandibular glands showed to be more susceptible to Al effects than parotid glands. Our study gives evidences about Al toxicity in parotid and submandibular glands and claims for new investigations to understand more mechanisms of Al-induced toxicity.
几项研究表明，铝（Al）是一种有效的有毒物质，主要与中枢神经系统紊乱有关。然而，关于铝对唾液腺影响的研究仍然很少。因此，本研究旨在探讨氯化铝（AlCl）是否能够引发小鼠腮腺和颌下腺的氧化应激，以及是否观察到任何形态损伤。为此，将 20 只小鼠分为两组：暴露组（EG），通过灌胃给予 18.5mg/kg 的 AlCl 60 天；对照组（CG），在相同时间内通过灌胃给予蒸馏水。之后，分析还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛（MDA）的水平，并通过评估两种腺体的实质、基质、腺泡和导管的面积来进行形态分析。采用学生 t 检验和双因素方差分析进行统计学分析，采用 p<0.05。未观察到异常体重，数据表明，尽管两种主要唾液腺都容易受到铝诱导的氧化应激的影响，但通过增加 MDA 和减少 GSH，只有颌下腺减少了实质并增加了基质面积。此外，与对照组相比，颌下腺的总腺泡面积较小，总导管面积较大。值得注意的是，AlCl 会在两种腺体中引起氧化应激，但颌下腺比腮腺对 Al 更敏感。本研究为腮腺和颌下腺的铝毒性提供了证据，并呼吁进行新的研究以了解铝诱导毒性的更多机制。
