Morphopathology, Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Department of Implantology, Removable Prostheses, Dental Prostheses Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Sep 21;59(9):1692. doi: 10.3390/medicina59091692.
Oxidative stress is involved in the alterations at the level of salivary glands, being the cause of oral pathologies like xerostomia, periodontitis, gingivitis, leucoplakia, and cancer. It is known that antioxidants can reverse changes induced by drugs or other chemicals in some organs, but the question is whether these substances can reduce or revert the effects of oxidative stress at the salivary gland level. Our aim was to find histopathological data at the level of salivary glands supporting the hypothesis of the reversal of oxidative stress-induced changes after the treatment with substances with antioxidant effect. : A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer databases, including research articles on oxidative stress histological aspects and oxidative stress biomarkers induced by drugs or other chemicals on salivary glands. : Out of 1756 articles, 25 articles were selected with data on tissue homogenate used for biochemical analysis of oxidative and antioxidative markers, along with routine hematoxylin eosin (HE) and immunohistochemical analysis used for histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis. Drugs (antineoplastic drugs, antibiotics, and analgesics), alcohol, heavy metals, and fluoride can cause oxidative stress, resulting in morphological changes in different tissues, including in salivary glands. There are many antioxidants but only a few were evaluated regarding the effects on salivary glands in animal studies, such as hesperidin and selenium, which can reverse the damage induced by cyclophosphamide; 10-dehydrogingerdione (10-DHGD), a compound extracted from ginger, which has a protective effect against the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by tramadol; and glycyrrhizic acid, which may repair the injuries incurred after the administration of sodium nitrite. : Substances such as hesperidin, selenium, 10-dehydrogingerdione, and glycyrrhizic acid are antioxidants with proven restorative effects on salivary glands for the damage induced by oxidative stress after exposure to drugs and other chemical substances; however, demonstrating their similar effects in human salivary glands is challenging.
氧化应激涉及唾液腺水平的改变，是口干症、牙周炎、牙龈炎、白斑和癌症等口腔病理学的原因。已知抗氧化剂可以逆转某些器官中药物或其他化学物质引起的变化，但问题是这些物质是否可以减少或逆转唾液腺水平氧化应激的影响。我们的目的是找到支持抗氧化剂治疗逆转氧化应激诱导的唾液腺变化假说的组织病理学数据。
系统地在 PubMed、Science Direct 和 Springer 数据库中进行了搜索，包括关于氧化应激组织学方面的研究文章和药物或其他化学物质引起的唾液腺氧化应激生物标志物。
在 1756 篇文章中，选择了 25 篇文章，这些文章的数据涉及用于药物或其他化学物质引起的氧化和抗氧化标志物的组织匀浆的生化分析，以及用于组织病理学和免疫组织化学诊断的常规苏木精-伊红（HE）和免疫组织化学分析。
药物（抗癌药物、抗生素和镇痛药）、酒精、重金属和氟化物都可能导致氧化应激，导致包括唾液腺在内的不同组织的形态变化。有许多抗氧化剂，但只有少数在动物研究中评估了它们对唾液腺的影响，如橙皮苷和硒，它们可以逆转环磷酰胺引起的损伤；10-脱氢姜黄素（10-DHGD），一种从生姜中提取的化合物，对曲马多引起的氧化应激和细胞凋亡有保护作用；以及甘草酸，它可能修复亚硝酸钠给药后造成的损伤。
橙皮苷、硒、10-脱氢姜黄素和甘草酸等物质是抗氧化剂，已被证明对药物和其他化学物质引起的氧化应激后唾液腺损伤具有修复作用；然而，在人类唾液腺中证明它们具有相似的效果具有挑战性。
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