Department of Family & Child Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Dev Psychobiol. 2020 Dec;62(8):1076-1091. doi: 10.1002/dev.21965. Epub 2020 Mar 11.
This study investigated the prospective associations among emotion expression, behavioral regulation, and cortisol responses in relation to different maternal parenting behaviors during the first 2 years of the infant's life, among a sample of low-income families. Participants included 1,141 mother-child pairs, assessed when the infants were 6, 15, and 24 months old. Maternal parenting behaviors were observed at the 6-month assessment, whereas infant emotion expression, orienting toward mothers, and cortisol responses were measured using a series of emotion-eliciting tasks at all time points. A latent profile analysis revealed four maternal parenting profiles: Detached, Intrusive, Average, and Engaged. Furthermore, a multiple-group path model revealed distinct patterns of emotion development for infants within different maternal parenting groups. Among children with Engaged and Average mothers, orienting behaviors tended to predict less negative emotion and cortisol responses, which was associated with more future orienting behaviors. Conversely, among children with Intrusive and Detached mothers, orienting behaviors tended to predict more negative emotion and cortisol responses, which predicted less future orienting behaviors. Findings of this study enhance current understanding of how different profiles of maternal parenting behaviors impact infant emotional development in poverty, with significant implications for intervention programs targeting early mother-infant interactions.
本研究调查了低收入家庭样本中，婴儿生命的头 2 年中，母亲不同育儿行为与情绪表达、行为调节和皮质醇反应之间的前瞻性关联。参与者包括 1141 对母婴对，在婴儿 6、15 和 24 个月时进行评估。6 个月评估时观察母亲的育儿行为，而在所有时间点都使用一系列情绪诱发任务测量婴儿的情绪表达、对母亲的定向和皮质醇反应。潜在剖面分析揭示了四种母亲育儿模式：冷漠型、过度介入型、普通型和投入型。此外，一个多组路径模型揭示了不同母亲育儿群体中婴儿情绪发展的不同模式。在有投入型和普通型母亲的孩子中，定向行为往往预示着较少的负面情绪和皮质醇反应，这与更多的未来定向行为有关。相反，在有过度介入型和冷漠型母亲的孩子中，定向行为往往预示着更多的负面情绪和皮质醇反应，这预示着未来的定向行为较少。本研究的发现增强了我们对不同母亲育儿行为模式如何影响贫困中婴儿情绪发展的理解，对针对早期母婴互动的干预计划具有重要意义。
