Department of Psychology, University of North Texas.
Outpatient Services, Medical City Green Oaks Hospital.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2020 Sep;34(6):669-679. doi: 10.1037/adb0000573. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
Anxiety sensitivity (AS)-fearfulness of anxiety symptoms-has been implicated in the etiology of emotional disorders (e.g., depressive and anxiety disorders) and linked to cigarette smoking and other substance use (SU). However, studies examining AS in relation to SU primarily have been conducted with racially/ethnically heterogeneous or mostly European American samples. Hence, this cross-sectional study involving secondary analysis of baseline data focused on investigating associations of AS with cigarette smoking and other SU in a sample of 630 non-treatment-seeking African American smokers (37.3% female; M age = 49.6 years; M cigarettes smoked per day = 15.4). After screening out individuals with non-nicotine substance dependence, participants reported their demographics, AS, dysphoria symptoms (i.e., depression and anxiety symptoms), and SU. In regression analyses controlling for dysphoria symptoms, age, education level, income level, and years of regular smoking, AS was positively associated with tobacco withdrawal severity (β = .12, p = .007), overall smoking motives (β = .17, p < .001), alcohol use problems (β = .12, p = .005), and other (non-nicotine, nonalcohol) SU problems (β = .16, p < .001). Though lacking the passage of time between assessments needed to provide strong evidence of mediation, unplanned analyses further revealed indirect associations of AS with several SU variables through dysphoria symptoms. Current findings are consistent with those found in prior samples and suggest that AS is similarly related to SU in African Americans, who may benefit from interventions that have been helpful in improving AS, dysphoria symptoms, and SU in other groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
焦虑敏感（AS）——对焦虑症状的恐惧——与情绪障碍（如抑郁和焦虑障碍）的病因有关，并与吸烟和其他物质使用（SU）有关。然而，研究 AS 与 SU 的关系主要是在种族/民族异质或主要是欧洲裔美国人的样本中进行的。因此，这项涉及非治疗性寻求的非洲裔美国吸烟者（37.3%为女性；M 年龄=49.6 岁；M 每天吸烟=15.4 支）的横断面研究涉及对基线数据的二次分析，重点研究 AS 与吸烟和其他 SU 的关联。在排除非尼古丁物质依赖个体后，参与者报告了他们的人口统计学特征、AS、抑郁症状（即抑郁和焦虑症状）和 SU。在控制抑郁症状、年龄、教育水平、收入水平和定期吸烟年限的回归分析中，AS 与烟草戒断严重程度呈正相关（β=0.12，p=0.007），总体吸烟动机呈正相关（β=0.17，p<0.001），酒精使用问题呈正相关（β=0.12，p=0.005），其他（非尼古丁、非酒精）SU 问题呈正相关（β=0.16，p<0.001）。虽然缺乏评估之间的时间流逝，无法提供中介的有力证据，但计划外分析进一步表明，AS 通过抑郁症状与几种 SU 变量间接相关。目前的研究结果与先前样本中的结果一致，表明 AS 与非洲裔美国人的 SU 也有类似的关系，这些人可能受益于干预措施，这些干预措施有助于改善 AS、抑郁症状和其他群体的 SU。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
