University of Regensburg, Germany.
University of Regensburg, Germany.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2020 May;115:104607. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104607. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
Sugar administration prior acute psychosocial stress exposure was shown to enhance subsequent salivary cortisol responses. However, this finding is based on studies that have administered high doses of glucose to male subjects after long fasting periods. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of different sugar-containing drinks on acute cortisol stress responses under experimental conditions that are commonplace in stress research and our sample included females and males. Our primary aim was to derive feasible recommendations for a standardized sugar administration in future studies. Of the 103 healthy young participants (49 females, 54 males), 72 were confronted with the Trier Social Stress Test after being randomly assigned to one of three sugar conditions (200 ml of grape juice, a 75 g glucose or a 75 g maltodextrin drink); 31 subjects served as control sample and were exposed to the TSST without sugar administration. Cortisol stress responses were significantly enhanced in the grape juice as well as the glucose group as compared to the control group. Post hoc analysis revealed that this effect seemed to be more pronounced in males than in females. We did not find a significant effect of maltodextrin. Cortisol responder rates in all three experimental groups were higher than in the control group. Our results suggest that, at least in males, the administration of 200 ml of grape juice is sufficient to facilitate HPA axis reactivity and to minimize confounding effects due to interindividual differences in energy availability while being exposed to a laboratory stress paradigm. The unexpected gender-specific effect is of potential relevance and should be scrutinized in future studies.
先前的研究表明，在急性心理社会应激暴露前给予糖，可以增强随后的唾液皮质醇反应。然而，这一发现是基于对男性受试者进行长时间禁食后给予高剂量葡萄糖的研究得出的。因此，在本研究中，我们在应激研究中常见的实验条件下，研究了不同含糖饮料对急性皮质醇应激反应的影响，并且我们的样本包括男性和女性。我们的主要目的是为未来的研究提供可行的标准化糖摄入建议。在 103 名健康的年轻参与者（49 名女性，54 名男性）中，72 名参与者在随机分配到三种糖摄入条件之一（200ml 葡萄汁、75g 葡萄糖或 75g 麦芽糊精饮料）后接受了特里尔社会应激测试；31 名受试者作为对照组，在没有糖摄入的情况下接受了 TSST 测试。与对照组相比，葡萄汁组和葡萄糖组的皮质醇应激反应明显增强。事后分析表明，这种效应在男性中似乎比女性中更为明显。我们没有发现麦芽糊精的显著影响。所有三个实验组的皮质醇反应者比例均高于对照组。我们的结果表明，至少在男性中，给予 200ml 葡萄汁足以促进 HPA 轴反应，并最大限度地减少因暴露于实验室应激范式时个体间能量供应差异引起的混杂效应。这种意外的性别特异性效应具有潜在的相关性，应该在未来的研究中进行仔细研究。
