Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Vienna, Universitätsstrasse 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 10;12(3):725. doi: 10.3390/nu12030725.
Micronutrients, as essential components of prenatal care, are important to reduce the risk for maternal and child morbidity and mortality by lowering pregnancy-related complications. The present study aimed to investigate the status of the trace elements, i.e., selenium, zinc, and manganese in pregnant and non-pregnant women from a developing country and to evaluate its relationship with maternal and child complications. Selenium, zinc, and manganese concentrations were measured in the blood serum of 80 pregnant women and compared with 40 non-pregnant healthy controls. The quantitative analyses of trace elements were performed by using the inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. The information about the dietary habits of the study participants was recorded by using a food frequency questionnaire. The results showed significant lower selenium and zinc levels in pregnant women as compared to the controls (2.26 ± 1.09 vs. 2.76 ± 1.15 µmol/L, = 0.031; 21.86 ± 7.21 vs. 29.54 ± 7.62 µmol/L, < 0.001) respectively, with no difference in manganese concentrations (1.40 ± 0.09 vs.1.38 ± 0.09 log nmol/L, = 0.365). Regarding maternal and child complications, higher manganese levels were associated with an increased odds ratio for maternal complications (OR = 3.175, CI (95%) 1.631-6.181; = 0.038). Consumption of dairy products was associated with lower selenium and manganese values. Pregnant women showed a lower serum selenium and zinc status, and in addition elevated serum manganese concentrations, which might be associated with a higher risk for maternal pregnancy/birth complications, although more studies are necessary to evaluate this association.
微量元素作为产前保健的重要组成部分，通过降低与妊娠相关的并发症，有助于降低母婴发病率和死亡率。本研究旨在调查发展中国家孕妇和非孕妇微量元素（硒、锌和锰）的现状，并评估其与母婴并发症的关系。在 80 名孕妇和 40 名非孕妇健康对照者的血清中测量了硒、锌和锰的浓度。采用电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱法（ICP-OES）对微量元素进行定量分析。通过食物频率问卷记录研究参与者的饮食习惯信息。结果表明，与对照组相比，孕妇的硒和锌水平显著降低（2.26 ± 1.09 与 2.76 ± 1.15 µmol/L， = 0.031；21.86 ± 7.21 与 29.54 ± 7.62 µmol/L， < 0.001），而锰浓度无差异（1.40 ± 0.09 与 1.38 ± 0.09 log nmol/L， = 0.365）。关于母婴并发症，较高的锰水平与母婴并发症的发生风险增加相关（OR = 3.175，CI（95%）1.631-6.181； = 0.038）。食用乳制品与较低的硒和锰值相关。孕妇表现出较低的血清硒和锌水平，此外，血清锰浓度升高，这可能与较高的母婴妊娠/分娩并发症风险相关，尽管需要更多的研究来评估这种关联。
