Ibrahim Ibrahim, Bashir Mohammed, Singh Parul, Al Khodor Souhaila, Abdullahi Hala
Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
Endocrine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 8;9:867099. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.867099. eCollection 2022.
The nutritional state before and throughout pregnancy has a critical impact on the women's health and the baby's development and growth. The release of placental hormones during pregnancy induces/ increases maternal insulin resistance and promotes nutrition utilization by the fetus. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most common medical complication in pregnancy and is associated with significant maternal and fetal morbidity. Several studies have examined the effect of physical activity, healthy eating, and various food supplements on the risk of developing gestational diabetes (GDM) and related outcomes. Among those, Myo-Inositol supplementation has shown encouraging results in the prevention of GDM. Maternal vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an elevated risk of GDM, and supplementation can improve glucose haemostasis by lowering fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and serum insulin concentration. Probiotics modulate the gut microbiota leading to an improved glucose and lipid metabolism, which is proposed to reduce the risk of GDM. We aim to review the strength and limitation of the current evidence for using some nutritional supplements either as single agents or in combinations on the risk of developing GDM and on glycaemic control.
孕期前后的营养状况对女性健康以及胎儿的发育成长有着至关重要的影响。孕期胎盘激素的释放会诱发/增强母体胰岛素抵抗，并促进胎儿的营养利用。妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是孕期最常见的医学并发症，与母婴的重大发病风险相关。多项研究探讨了体育活动、健康饮食以及各种食物补充剂对发生妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）风险及相关结局的影响。其中，补充肌醇在预防GDM方面已显示出令人鼓舞的结果。母体维生素D缺乏与GDM风险升高有关，补充维生素D可通过降低空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和血清胰岛素浓度来改善血糖稳态。益生菌可调节肠道微生物群，从而改善葡萄糖和脂质代谢，这被认为可降低GDM风险。我们旨在综述目前关于使用某些营养补充剂单独或联合使用对发生GDM风险及血糖控制影响的证据的优势和局限性。
