The Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
The Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020 May;4(5):388-396. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(19)30404-3. Epub 2020 Mar 9.
Adolescence represents a key period of brain development underpinned by the ongoing maturation of the prefrontal cortex-a brain region involved in the regulation of behaviour and cognition. Given the high prevalence of obesity in adolescents worldwide, this Review examines neurobiological and neurocognitive evidence describing the adolescent propensity to consume calorie-dense foods, and the neurodevelopmental mechanisms that heighten the adverse impact of these foods on brain function. The excessive consumption of calorie-dense food can undermine self-regulatory processes through effects on brain function and behavioural control. These changes could introduce enduring maladaptive eating behaviours that underlie adult obesity and related metabolic syndromes. Better understanding of links between adolescence, dietary decision making, and brain function is essential for clinicians to develop effective intervention strategies and for reducing long-term health-care costs associated with obesity.
青春期是大脑发育的关键时期，其基础是前额叶皮层的持续成熟——大脑中一个参与行为和认知调节的区域。鉴于全世界青少年肥胖症的高发病率，本综述检查了描述青少年倾向于食用高热量食物的神经生物学和神经认知证据，以及增强这些食物对大脑功能的不良影响的神经发育机制。高热量食物的过度摄入会通过对大脑功能和行为控制的影响来破坏自我调节过程。这些变化可能会导致持续存在的适应不良的饮食行为，从而导致成年人肥胖和相关的代谢综合征。更好地理解青春期、饮食决策和大脑功能之间的联系，对于临床医生制定有效的干预策略和降低与肥胖相关的长期医疗保健成本至关重要。
