Klein Eran
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States; Department of Philosophy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2020;168:329-339. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63934-9.00024-X.
Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology will usher in profound changes to the practice of medicine. BCI devices, broadly defined as those capable of reading brain activity and translating this into operation of a device, will offer patients and clinicians new ways to address impairments of communication, movement, sensation, and mental health. These new capabilities will bring new responsibilities and raise a diverse set of ethical challenges. One way to understand and begin to address these challenges is to view them in terms of the goals of medicine. In this chapter, different ways in which BCI technology may subserve the goals of medicine is explored. This is followed by articulation of additional goals particularly relevant to BCI technology: neural diversity, neural privacy, agency, and authenticity. The goals of medicine provide a useful ethical framework for the introduction of BCI devices into medicine.
脑机接口（BCI）技术将给医学实践带来深刻变革。BCI设备被广泛定义为能够读取大脑活动并将其转化为设备操作的装置，它将为患者和临床医生提供新的方式来应对沟通、运动、感觉和心理健康方面的损伤。这些新能力将带来新的责任，并引发一系列不同的伦理挑战。理解并开始应对这些挑战的一种方法是从医学目标的角度来看待它们。在本章中，将探讨BCI技术实现医学目标的不同方式。接下来将阐述与BCI技术特别相关的其他目标：神经多样性、神经隐私、能动性和真实性。医学目标为将BCI设备引入医学提供了一个有用的伦理框架。
