Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece.
Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str, 11855, Athens, Attica, Greece; Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, 45110, Ioannina, Greece.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2020 May;139:111255. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111255. Epub 2020 Mar 9.
The use of chemical pesticides to preserve food commodities is a global issue of concern due to their negative effect on the environment and public health. In recent years, the European Union is trying to reduce their use, favoring alternative or complementary approaches based on natural products. In this scenario, plant-borne essential oils (EOs) represent valid options for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs. In the present study, the insecticidal effect of eight EOs obtained from plants from different parts of the world, namely Mentha longifolia, Dysphania ambrosioides, Carlina acaulis, Trachyspermum ammi, Pimpinella anisum, Origanum syriacum, Cannabis sativa and Hazomalania voyronii, were evaluated against two stored-product insect species of economic importance, Prostephanus truncatus and Trogoderma granarium. Simulating a small-scale stored-product conservation environment, an AG-4 airbrush was used to spray maize and wheat with 500 and 1000 ppm of EOs, then T. granarium and P. truncatus were exposed to the stored products and mortality was evaluated over selected time intervals (4, 8, and 16 h, and 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days). The EO of C. acaulis exhibited high efficacy against P. truncatus adults at both tested concentrations by killing > 97% of the individuals exposed to treated maize within 3 days at 500 ppm. The EO of D. ambrosioides eliminated all T. granarium adults exposed to 1000 ppm-treated wheat 2 days post-exposure. At this exposure interval, 91.1% of the exposed T. granarium adults died on wheat treated with 1000 ppm of C. acaulis EO. The EO of M. longifolia at both tested concentrations was the most effective against T. granarium larvae, leading to 97.8% mortality at 500 ppm after 3 days of exposure, and 100% mortality at 1000 pm 2 days post-exposure. At 1000 ppm, the EOs of D. ambrosioides and P. anisum led to 95.6 and 90% mortality, respectively, to larvae exposed to treated wheat for 7 days. Overall, our research shed light on the potential of selected EOs, with special reference to M. longifolia, D. ambrosioides, C. acaulis and P. anisum, which could be considered further to develop effective and alternative grain protectants to manage P. truncatus and T. granarium infestations.
使用化学农药来保存食品是一个全球性的问题，因为它们会对环境和公共健康造成负面影响。近年来，欧盟正试图减少对它们的使用，转而支持基于天然产品的替代或补充方法。在这种情况下，植物源精油（EOs）是综合虫害管理（IPM）计划的有效选择。在本研究中，评估了来自世界各地不同植物的八种 EOs 的杀虫效果，这些植物分别为薄荷、唇形科杂草、刺沙蓬、枯茗、大茴香、叙利亚牛至、大麻和哈索马拉尼娅，针对两种具有经济重要性的仓储害虫，Prostephanus truncatus 和 Trogoderma granarium。模拟一个小规模的仓储保护环境，使用 AG-4 喷枪将 500 和 1000 ppm 的 EOs 喷洒到玉米和小麦上，然后将 T. granarium 和 P. truncatus 暴露在储存的产品中，并在选定的时间间隔（4、8 和 16 小时，以及 1、2、3、4、5、6 和 7 天）评估死亡率。C. acaulis 的 EO 在两种测试浓度下对 P. truncatus 成虫均表现出高效，在 500 ppm 处理的玉米中，3 天内接触处理玉米的个体死亡率超过 97%。D. ambrosioides 的 EO 在接触后 2 天内消除了暴露于 1000 ppm 处理小麦上的所有 T. granarium 成虫。在这个暴露间隔内，暴露于 1000 ppm 的 C. acaulis EO 处理的小麦上的 91.1%的 T. granarium 成虫死亡。在两种测试浓度下，薄荷的 EO 对 T. granarium 幼虫最有效，接触处理的玉米 3 天后，500 ppm 下的死亡率为 97.8%，接触后 2 天，1000 ppm 下的死亡率为 100%。在 1000 ppm 时，D. ambrosioides 和 P. anisum 的 EOs 分别导致暴露于处理过的小麦上的幼虫死亡率达到 95.6%和 90%，持续 7 天。总的来说，我们的研究揭示了选定 EOs 的潜力，特别是薄荷、唇形科杂草、刺沙蓬和大茴香，它们可以进一步考虑开发有效的替代谷物保护剂来管理 P. truncatus 和 T. granarium 的侵害。
