Doctors with Africa, Luanda, Angola.
Doctors with Africa, Padova, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 12;10(1):4565. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61419-y.
With the lack of surveys, surveillance program and/or statistical data, epidemiologic studies can provide a better understanding of diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa. This was a cross-sectional survey to determine prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) among adults attending six health centres in six different districts of Luanda (Angola) during August-November 2018, followed by a case-control study to assess the risk factors for IFG and diabetes in a subgroup of subjects not receiving treatment for diabetes. Factors associated with diabetes/IFG were assessed using a generalized ordered logit model and the effects were expressed as odds ratios (OR for IFG/diabetes vs. no IFG/diabetes; OR for diabetes vs. no diabetes) with 95% CI (confidence interval). Some 1,803 participants were included in the survey. Prevalence of diabetes was 12.0% (95%CI 10.5% to 13.5%) and prevalence of IFG was 9.0% (95%CI 7.7% to 10.4%). Older age (OR = OR 1.03, 95%CI 1.02 to 1.04), higher weight (OR = OR 1.01, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.03), having measured glycaemia before (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.29 to 3.31), feeling polyuria (OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.13 to 3.28; OR 2.18, 95%CI 1.32 to 3.59), feeling polydipsia (OR 1.92, 95%CI 1.16 to 3.18), feeling weakness (OR = OR 2.22, 95%CI 1.39 to 3.55), consumption of free-sugars food/beverages (OR = OR 2.34, 95%CI 1.44 to 3.81) and time spent seated (OR 1.80, 95%CI 1.17 to 2.76) were associated with increased likelihood of diabetes and/or IFG, while eating vegetables was associated with decreased likelihood of IFG or diabetes (OR = OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.47 to 0.99). In conclusion, the high prevalence of diabetes and IFG, with common unawareness of the disease, calls for appropriate interventions in Angolan urban settings. Further research may evaluate the impact of context-specific factors to enhance intervention strategies and feed the results into local health policies. In addition, such information may be useful for selecting high-risk subjects to test.
由于缺乏调查、监测计划和/或统计数据，流行病学研究可以更好地了解撒哈拉以南非洲的糖尿病情况。这是一项横断面调查，目的是确定 2018 年 8 月至 11 月期间在罗安达（安哥拉）六个不同地区的六个卫生中心就诊的成年人中糖尿病和空腹血糖受损（IFG）的患病率，随后进行病例对照研究，以评估未接受糖尿病治疗的亚组人群中 IFG 和糖尿病的危险因素。使用广义有序逻辑回归模型评估与糖尿病/IFG 相关的因素，并将效应表示为比值比（IFG/糖尿病与无 IFG/糖尿病的比值比（OR）；糖尿病与无糖尿病的比值比（OR））和 95%置信区间（CI）。共有 1803 名参与者参加了这项调查。糖尿病患病率为 12.0%（95%CI 10.5%至 13.5%），IFG 患病率为 9.0%（95%CI 7.7%至 10.4%）。年龄较大（OR=OR 1.03，95%CI 1.02 至 1.04）、体重较高（OR=OR 1.01，95%CI 1.01 至 1.03）、以前测量过血糖（OR 2.07，95%CI 1.29 至 3.31）、多尿感（OR 1.93，95%CI 1.13 至 3.28；OR 2.18，95%CI 1.32 至 3.59）、多饮感（OR 1.92，95%CI 1.16 至 3.18）、乏力感（OR=OR 2.22，95%CI 1.39 至 3.55）、食用游离糖食品/饮料（OR=OR 2.34，95%CI 1.44 至 3.81）和久坐时间（OR 1.80，95%CI 1.17 至 2.76）与糖尿病和/或 IFG 的可能性增加相关，而食用蔬菜与 IFG 或糖尿病的可能性降低相关（OR=OR 0.69，95%CI 0.47 至 0.99）。总之，高患病率的糖尿病和 IFG，以及对该疾病的普遍认识不足，呼吁在安哥拉城市环境中采取适当的干预措施。进一步的研究可能会评估特定于上下文的因素的影响，以增强干预策略，并将结果纳入当地卫生政策。此外，这些信息可能有助于选择高危人群进行测试。
