Hirsi Abishir Mohamud, Abdi Awil Abdukadir, Peris Alina, Jacinto Amandua, Muhammad Propser, Nur Ibrahim Ahmed, Mohamud Muktar Hassan, Hussein Mustafa, Qaws Abdi, Jayte Mohamed
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Bushenyi, Uganda.
Int J Gen Med. 2025 Jan 8;18:73-86. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S494941. eCollection 2025.
Dyslipidemia in Sub-Saharan Africa has been on the disproportionate rise among diabetes patients across various contextual settings due to its patterns and associated factors. This study determined the patterns and factors associated with dyslipidemia among diabetes patients attending Hoima Regional Referral Hospital (HRRH).
This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted at HRRH between October 2022 and January 2023, enrolled 375 adult diabetes patients consecutively from diabetic outpatient clinic. Data on socio-demographic, behavioral, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory diagnoses were collected and summarized using descriptive statistics. Patterns of dyslipidemia were presented as a proportion of each lipid profile either singly or in combination expressed as a percentage. In the bivariate analysis, variables with p-values <0.2, crude odds ratios of ≥2 or ≤0.5, or those with biological plausibility were included in a multiple logistic regression model. Factors with p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. All analyses were conducted using Stata version 17.
Of the 375 diabetes patients, 260 (69.3%) had abnormal total cholesterol (TC), and 185 (49.3%) had two lipid profile abnormalities. The majority of the patients were female, 235 (62.7%), and 38 (10.1%) had a diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Additionally, 134 (35.7%) were overweight, and 39 (10.4%) were obese. Female patients had higher odds of dyslipidemia (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.02-4.86, p = 0.045). Those with coronary heart disease (CHD) had increased odds of dyslipidemia (AOR = 4.1, 95% CI: 1.51-11.07, p = 0.006). All diabetes patients who were overweight or obese had dyslipidemia (p < 0.001).
The most common pattern of dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes was elevated total cholesterol, followed by high low-density lipoprotein, associated with overweight, obesity, female gender, and CHD. Routine screening of lipid profiles, BMI, and CHD in diabetic clinics is crucial for early intervention and improved outcomes.
由于其模式和相关因素，撒哈拉以南非洲地区糖尿病患者的血脂异常在不同背景环境中呈不成比例的上升趋势。本研究确定了霍伊马地区转诊医院（HRRH）就诊的糖尿病患者血脂异常的模式及相关因素。
这是一项于2022年10月至2023年1月在HRRH开展的基于医院的横断面研究，连续纳入了375名来自糖尿病门诊的成年糖尿病患者。收集了社会人口统计学、行为、病史、体格检查和实验室诊断等方面的数据，并使用描述性统计进行总结。血脂异常模式以每种血脂谱单独或组合出现的比例表示，以百分比呈现。在双变量分析中，p值<0.2、粗比值比≥2或≤0.5或具有生物学合理性的变量被纳入多元逻辑回归模型。p值<0.05的因素被认为具有统计学意义。所有分析均使用Stata 17版本进行。
在375名糖尿病患者中，260名（69.3%）总胆固醇（TC）异常，185名（49.3%）有两种血脂谱异常。大多数患者为女性，共235名（62.7%），38名（10.1%）诊断为冠心病（CHD）。此外，134名（35.7%）超重，39名（10.4%）肥胖。女性患者血脂异常的几率更高（调整后的比值比[AOR]=2.2，95%置信区间：1.02 - 4.86，p = 0.045）。患有冠心病（CHD）的患者血脂异常几率增加（AOR = 4.1，95%置信区间：1.51 - 11.07，p = 0.006）。所有超重或肥胖的糖尿病患者都有血脂异常（p < 0.001）。
糖尿病患者中最常见的血脂异常模式是总胆固醇升高，其次是低密度脂蛋白升高，与超重、肥胖、女性性别和冠心病有关。在糖尿病诊所常规筛查血脂谱、体重指数和冠心病对于早期干预和改善预后至关重要。
