Center On Autobiographical Memory Research, Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 11, 1350, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Psychol Res. 2021 Apr;85(3):939-950. doi: 10.1007/s00426-020-01310-7. Epub 2020 Mar 12.
An experimental paradigm has shown that it is possible to activate spontaneous memories in children by having them re-visit the setting in which they were introduced to a memorable event. Nevertheless, the most important cues for spontaneous recall remain undetermined. In response, we investigated the importance of the experimenter by introducing 35-month-olds (n = 62) and 46-month-olds (n = 62) to the same or a new person after one week. We expected that altering the experimenter would result in fewer recollections through reducing the overlap of cues between encoding and testing. In contrast, the manipulation affected the two age groups differently: no effect of condition was seen in the 35-month-olds, whereas the 46-month-olds performed better, when the experimenter had changed, suggesting a sensitivity to change and an ability to update their knowledge of the event. We replicated previous findings demonstrating that both age groups exhibited spontaneous recollections.
一种实验范式表明，可以通过让儿童重新访问他们初次接触到令人难忘的事件的场景，来激活他们的自发记忆。然而，对于自发回忆的最重要线索仍然不确定。为了回应这一问题，我们通过在一周后让 35 个月大（n=62）和 46 个月大（n=62）的儿童与同一人或新的人见面，来调查实验者的重要性。我们预计，改变实验者会通过减少编码和测试之间线索的重叠，导致回忆减少。相比之下，这种操作对两个年龄组的影响不同：在 35 个月大的儿童中，条件的影响并不明显，而当实验者发生变化时，46 个月大的儿童表现更好，这表明他们对变化敏感，并能够更新他们对事件的了解。我们复制了之前的发现，表明两个年龄组都表现出了自发回忆。
