Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Center on Autobiographical Memory Research, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 11, 1350-424, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Psychol Res. 2023 Jun;87(4):1155-1165. doi: 10.1007/s00426-022-01718-3. Epub 2022 Jul 31.
Recent evidence shows that returning to the same distinct lab setting after 1 week triggers spontaneous memories in 35- and 46-month-old children. However, it remains unclarified which specific cues are triggering spontaneous recall. We report two experiments in which distinct contextual cues were altered between encoding and test. In Experiment 1 (N = 76), the color of the box containing the event props was changed. Despite this change, the children still showed spontaneous recall. In Experiment 2 (N = 77), a more radical change was employed as the children returned to a completely differently furnished, and novel room. The children still engaged in spontaneous recall, although less frequently. Importantly, when comparing the number of children having spontaneous recollections, only about half as many children in Experiment 2 as in Experiment 1 exhibited spontaneous memories. These results underscore the importance of an encoding-retrieval match for spontaneous episodic memory in young children.
最近的证据表明，在一周后回到同一个独特的实验室环境中会触发 35 至 46 个月大的儿童自发回忆。然而，目前尚不清楚是哪些特定的线索在触发自发回忆。我们报告了两项实验，在这两项实验中，在编码和测试之间改变了不同的上下文线索。在实验 1（N=76）中，改变了装有事件道具的盒子的颜色。尽管有这种变化，孩子们仍然表现出自发回忆。在实验 2（N=77）中，采用了更为激进的变化，因为孩子们回到了一个完全不同布置的、全新的房间。孩子们仍然会自发地回忆，但频率较低。重要的是，当比较有自发回忆的孩子数量时，与实验 1相比，实验 2中只有大约一半的孩子表现出自发记忆。这些结果强调了编码-检索匹配对幼儿自发情景记忆的重要性。
