Methodology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Eval Health Prof. 2021 Dec;44(4):348-361. doi: 10.1177/0163278720910470. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
Hispanic/Latino immigrants often experience significant adversity before, during, and after migrating to the United States. However, no extant studies have tested the construct validity of a cumulative measure of lifetime adversity with Hispanic/Latino immigrants. Our objective was to assess the construct validity of a comprehensive measurement model of lifetime adversity (i.e., adverse childhood experiences, adult chronic stress, adult perceived stress, adult acculturation stress, and lifetime ethnic discrimination) with a national sample of Hispanic/Latinos born outside the mainland United States. Guided by the life course perspective, we examined the (a) dimensionality of cumulative lifetime adversity; (b) extent to which the functioning of this measurement model differed across various Hispanic/Latino subgroups including Mexicans, Cubans, Puerto Ricans, Dominicans, Central Americans, and South Americans; and (c) association between cumulative lifetime adversity and other constructs (e.g., anxiety and depression). We used existing data from the Hispanic Community Health Survey/Study of Latinos-Sociocultural Ancillary Study, a national survey of Hispanic/Latinos living in the United States ( = 3,296). Results from confirmatory factor analyses indicated that a five-factor bifactor measurement model for cumulative lifetime adversity fit the data adequately (e.g., comparative fit index = .91, root mean square error of approximation = .04, standardized root mean square residual = .07). Results from multigroup confirmatory factor analyses suggested that the measurement model functioned similarly across Hispanic/Latino subgroups, providing evidence for measurement invariance. The model also displayed convergent and discriminant validity based on associations with other constructs. We discuss implications for advancing the precision of assessment instruments for lifetime adversity with populations with high within-group diversity.
西班牙裔/拉丁裔移民在移民到美国之前、期间和之后经常经历重大逆境。然而，目前还没有研究测试过针对西班牙裔/拉丁裔移民的终生逆境综合衡量方法的结构效度。我们的目的是使用出生在美国境外的西班牙裔/拉丁裔全国样本评估终生逆境综合衡量方法（即不良童年经历、成人慢性压力、成人感知压力、成人文化适应压力和终生种族歧视）的结构效度。受生命历程观点的指导，我们考察了（a）累积终生逆境的维度；（b）该衡量模型在包括墨西哥人、古巴人、波多黎各人、多米尼加人、中美洲人和南美人在内的各种西班牙裔/拉丁裔亚群中的功能差异；（c）累积终生逆境与其他构念（例如焦虑和抑郁）之间的关联。我们使用了现有的来自美国西班牙裔社区健康调查/拉丁裔研究-社会文化辅助研究的数据，这是一项针对居住在美国的西班牙裔/拉丁裔的全国性调查（n = 3,296）。验证性因素分析的结果表明，累积终生逆境的五因素双因素衡量模型充分拟合数据（例如，比较拟合指数=.91，近似均方根误差=.04，标准化均方根残差=.07）。多组验证性因素分析的结果表明，该衡量模型在西班牙裔/拉丁裔亚群中的功能相似，提供了衡量不变性的证据。该模型还基于与其他构念的关联显示出收敛和区分效度。我们讨论了在具有高度组内多样性的人群中，如何推进终生逆境评估工具的精确性。
