Amity University Lucknow Campus, India.
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
J Interpers Violence. 2021 Dec;36(23-24):NP13606-NP13622. doi: 10.1177/0886260520905100. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
From eve-teasing to more aggressive forms of sexual violence, subjection of women to sexual violence has been on the rise. One heinous form of sexual violence is the acid attack. Acid attack refers to the intentional act of throwing acid on an individual with the intent of harming, torturing, disfiguring, injuring, or killing them. Despite an increase in the number of reported cases of acid attacks, the initial nonavailability of strict legislatures and underreporting of the crime have led to gross underrepresentation of the acid attack victims in the scientific literature. Moreover, most researches focus on the impact of acid attack and not on the process of recovery for these victims. Hence, this paper attempts to explore the role of psychological makeup in the psychological rehabilitation of acid attack victims. This study adopted the homogeneous purposive sampling method. The sample consisted of 30 female victims of acid attack between the age group of 18 to 25 years. The narratives of these victims focusing on their experiences before and after the incidence were collected. Findings of this study indicate that psychological makeup is an important variable that is responsible for the successful recovery from trauma. Nearly all of the victims have shown symptoms of maladaptive psychological makeup after facing a violent event. However, after participation in the rehabilitation program, the victims moved from having maladaptive psychological makeup toward having adaptive psychological makeup. The emergent subthemes comprising maladaptive psychological makeup consists of cognitive distortions, hopelessness, shame, and suicidal ideation; and for adaptive psychological makeup, these are positive life orientation, belief in the just world, and self-efficacy. The insights of the study will contribute to an improved understanding of the recovery process of the acid attack victims and help in planning intervention protocols for them.
从性骚扰到更具攻击性的性暴力形式，女性遭受性暴力的情况一直在上升。一种令人发指的性暴力形式是酸袭击。酸袭击是指故意向个人投掷酸，意图伤害、折磨、毁容、伤害或杀害他们。尽管酸袭击报告案件数量有所增加，但最初缺乏严格的立法和对犯罪的低报导致科学文献中酸袭击受害者的代表性严重不足。此外，大多数研究都集中在酸袭击的影响上，而不是这些受害者的康复过程上。因此，本文试图探讨心理构成在酸袭击受害者心理康复中的作用。本研究采用了同质目的抽样方法。样本包括 30 名年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间的女性酸袭击受害者。收集了这些受害者在事件发生前后的经历叙述。本研究的结果表明，心理构成是从创伤中成功康复的一个重要变量。几乎所有的受害者在面对暴力事件后都表现出了适应不良的心理构成症状。然而，在参加康复计划后，受害者从适应不良的心理构成转变为适应良好的心理构成。由适应不良的心理构成组成的新兴子主题包括认知扭曲、绝望、羞耻和自杀意念；而对于适应良好的心理构成，这些是积极的生活取向、相信公正世界和自我效能。这项研究的结果将有助于更好地理解酸袭击受害者的康复过程，并有助于为他们制定干预方案。
