A kinesin Klp10A mediates cell cycle-dependent shuttling of Piwi between nucleus and nuage.

The piRNA pathway protects germline genomes from selfish genetic elements (e.g. transposons) through their transcript cleavage in the cytoplasm and/or their transcriptional silencing in the nucleus. Here, we describe a mechanism by which the nuclear and cytoplasmic arms of the piRNA pathway are linked. We find that during mitosis of Drosophila spermatogonia, nuclear Piwi interacts with nuage, the compartment that mediates the cytoplasmic arm of the piRNA pathway. At the end of mitosis, Piwi leaves nuage to return to the nucleus. Dissociation of Piwi from nuage occurs at the depolymerizing microtubules of the central spindle, mediated by a microtubule-depolymerizing kinesin, Klp10A. Depletion of klp10A delays the return of Piwi to the nucleus and affects piRNA production, suggesting the role of nuclear-cytoplasmic communication in piRNA biogenesis. We propose that cell cycle-dependent communication between the nuclear and cytoplasmic arms of the piRNA pathway may play a previously unappreciated role in piRNA regulation.