Pantoja-Pulido Kriss D, Rodríguez Jonathan, Isaza-Martínez José H, Gutiérrez-Cabrera Margarita, Colmenares-Dulcey Ana J, Montoya-Lerma James
Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, Calle 5 No. 62-00, Cali 760033, Colombia.
Departamento de Química, Grupo de Investigación de Productos Naturales y Alimentos, Universidad del Valle, Avenida Pasoancho No. 100-00, Cali 760034, Colombia.
Insects. 2020 Mar 11;11(3):180. doi: 10.3390/insects11030180.
Leaf-cutter ants are agricultural and urban pests that defy chemical control methods. Laboratory and field studies have revealed repellent and insecticidal activity by the extracts of (Asteraceae), known as Mexican sunflower, as a promising alternative for the control of the leaf-cutter ant . This study evaluated the effects of different extracts (non-polar and polar) of dry leaves on worker ants from laboratory colonies of through ingestion and contact. In addition, the biological activity of the extracts as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) was evaluated. A dichloromethane extract at 1000 ppm presented the highest insecticidal activity through ingestion, causing 70% and 90% worker ant mortality after five and seven days of treatment, respectively. The acetylcholinesterase inhibition values showed that the dichloromethane presented the best AChE concentration of inhibition (IC) at 73.9 ± 11.06 μg/mL, compared to its fractions, which demonstrates that its activity is potentiated when the crude extract is used. Our results can be attributed to the existence of terpenes and sesquiterpene lactones, which are likely inhibitors of AChE, in .
切叶蚁是农业和城市害虫，化学防治方法对它们无效。实验室和田间研究表明，被称为墨西哥向日葵的菊科植物提取物具有驱避和杀虫活性，有望成为控制切叶蚁的替代方法。本研究通过摄食和接触评估了墨西哥向日葵干叶不同提取物（非极性和极性）对实验室蚁群工蚁的影响。此外，还评估了提取物作为乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和丁酰胆碱酯酶（BuChE）抑制剂的生物活性。1000 ppm的二氯甲烷提取物通过摄食表现出最高的杀虫活性，处理五天和七天后分别导致70%和90%的工蚁死亡。乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制值表明，与它的馏分相比，二氯甲烷在73.9±11.06μg/mL时呈现出最佳的AChE抑制浓度（IC），这表明使用粗提物时其活性增强。我们的结果可归因于墨西哥向日葵中存在萜类和倍半萜内酯，它们可能是AChE的抑制剂。
