Kato Hiroki, Okuno Tatsusada, Isohashi Kayako, Koda Toru, Shimizu Mikito, Mochizuki Hideki, Nakatsuji Yuji, Hatazawa Jun
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2021 Feb;41(2):369-379. doi: 10.1177/0271678X20911469. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
This study was aimed at evaluating the metabolism of reactive astrocytes in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis by quantitative 1-C-11 acetate positron emission tomography (PET). Magnetic resonance imaging and 1-C-11 quantitative PET were performed in eight patients with multiple sclerosis and 10 normal control subjects. The efflux rate (k2) of 1-C-11 acetate, which reportedly reflects the metabolic rate of 1-C-11 acetate, was calculated based on the one-tissue compartmental model. Fractional anisotropy was also determined to evaluate the integrity of the neuronal tracts. The values of k2 in the patients with multiple sclerosis were significantly higher than those in the normal control subjects, in both the white matter ( = 0.003) and the gray matter ( = 0.02). In addition, the white matter/gray matter ratio of k2 was significantly higher in the multiple sclerosis patients than in the normal control subjects ( = 0.02). Voxel-based statistical analysis revealed most prominent increase in k2 in the neuronal fiber tracts, as well as decrease in fractional anisotropy in them in the multiple sclerosis patients. The present study clarified that the pathological changes associated with astrocytic reactivation in multiple sclerosis patients could be visualized by quantitative 1-C-11 acetate PET.
本研究旨在通过定量1-¹¹C-乙酸正电子发射断层扫描（PET）评估多发性硬化症患者大脑中反应性星形胶质细胞的代谢情况。对8例多发性硬化症患者和10名正常对照者进行了磁共振成像和1-¹¹C定量PET检查。基于单组织房室模型计算了据报道反映1-¹¹C-乙酸代谢率的1-¹¹C-乙酸流出率（k2）。还测定了分数各向异性以评估神经纤维束的完整性。多发性硬化症患者白质（P = 0.003）和灰质（P = 0.02）中的k2值均显著高于正常对照者。此外，多发性硬化症患者的k2白质/灰质比值显著高于正常对照者（P = 0.02）。基于体素的统计分析显示，多发性硬化症患者神经纤维束中的k2增加最为显著，同时其中的分数各向异性降低。本研究表明，多发性硬化症患者与星形胶质细胞再激活相关的病理变化可通过定量1-¹¹C-乙酸PET显示出来。
