School of Engineering, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
Department of Radiology and Precision Health Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Microbiome. 2020 Mar 14;8(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s40168-020-00821-0.
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common health problem worldwide and remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Over the past decade, it has become clear that the inhabitants of our gut, the gut microbiota, play a vital role in human metabolism, immunity, and reactions to diseases, including CAD. Although correlations have been shown between CAD and the gut microbiota, demonstration of potential causal relationships is much more complex and challenging. In this review, we will discuss the potential direct and indirect causal roots between gut microbiota and CAD development via microbial metabolites and interaction with the immune system. Uncovering the causal relationship of gut microbiota and CAD development can lead to novel microbiome-based preventative and therapeutic interventions. However, an interdisciplinary approach is required to shed light on gut bacterial-mediated mechanisms (e.g., using advanced nanomedicine technologies and incorporation of demographic factors such as age, sex, and ethnicity) to enable efficacious and high-precision preventative and therapeutic strategies for CAD.
冠心病（CAD）是全球最常见的健康问题，仍然是发病率和死亡率的主要原因。在过去的十年中，人们已经清楚地认识到，我们肠道中的居民，即肠道微生物群，在人类代谢、免疫以及对包括 CAD 在内的疾病的反应中起着至关重要的作用。尽管已经显示 CAD 与肠道微生物群之间存在相关性，但证明潜在的因果关系要复杂和具有挑战性得多。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论通过微生物代谢产物和与免疫系统的相互作用，肠道微生物群与 CAD 发展之间可能存在的直接和间接因果关系。揭示肠道微生物群与 CAD 发展之间的因果关系，可以为基于微生物组的预防和治疗干预措施提供新的途径。然而，需要采取跨学科的方法来阐明肠道细菌介导的机制（例如，使用先进的纳米医学技术并纳入年龄、性别和种族等人口统计学因素），以实现针对 CAD 的有效和高精度的预防和治疗策略。
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