Department of Speech Language Pathology, College of Health Science, Honam University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Department of Speech Language Pathology, School of Public Health, Honam University, 417, Eodeung-daero, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2020 Mar 13;10(1):4720. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61565-3.
The objectives of this study were to identify the effects of smoking on the voice of smokers and present the baseline data for establishing the basis for preventing voice disorders. This study was evaluated using a meta-analysis from studies published between Jan 1, 2000, and Nov 15, 2018. As a result, the final meta-analysis was conducted using nine papers. The standard mean difference was analyzed after dividing the effects of smoking on voice into the pitch (F0), sound quality (jitter, shimmer, and noise to harmonic ratio; NHR), Maximum Phonation Time (MPT), and subjective voice problem. The results showed that there was a significant difference in F0 and MPT. On the other hand, the jitter, shimmer, NHR, and Voice Handicap Index (VHI) had different mean effect size but they were not significantly different. The analysis by sub-function of VHI results showed that the mean effect size was significantly different only in VHI-P (Physical). This study evaluated the effects of smoking on voice using meta-analysis. It was confirmed that smoking had significant and moderate effects on the F0 of voice, MPT, VHI, and physical functions. It is necessary for future meta-analysis studies to conduct randomized controlled experiments or longitudinal studies to confirm the effect sizes of variables.
本研究旨在确定吸烟对吸烟者嗓音的影响，并为预防嗓音障碍建立基础。本研究采用元分析方法，对 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2018 年 11 月 15 日期间发表的研究进行评估。最终，共有 9 篇论文纳入了meta 分析。在将吸烟对嗓音的影响分为基频（F0）、音质（抖动、颤抖和噪声与谐波比；NHR）、最大发音时间（MPT）和主观嗓音问题后，对标准均数差进行了分析。结果显示，F0 和 MPT 存在显著差异。另一方面，抖动、颤抖、NHR 和嗓音障碍指数（VHI）的平均效应量虽有不同，但无统计学差异。VHI 亚功能分析结果显示，仅在 VHI-P（身体）方面，平均效应量具有显著差异。本研究采用元分析方法评估了吸烟对嗓音的影响。结果证实，吸烟对嗓音的 F0、MPT、VHI 和身体功能具有显著和中度影响。未来的 meta 分析研究有必要进行随机对照试验或纵向研究，以确认变量的效应大小。
