Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, 38408-100, Brazil.
Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, University of Púnguè, PO BOX 323, Chimoio, Mozambique.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2020 May;412(12):2755-2762. doi: 10.1007/s00216-020-02513-y. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
We show that fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D-printed electrodes can be used for quality control of fuel bioethanol. 3D-printing using carbon black/polylactic acid (CB-PLA) filaments resulted in conductive and biodegradable electrodes for biofuel analysis. As a proof-of-concept, copper determination in fuel bioethanol was performed, as such ions catalyse oxidation processes during storage and transport. Square-wave anodic-stripping voltammetry (SWASV) of copper was achieved after sample dilution in 0.1 mol L HCl as supporting electrolyte (resulting in 30:70% v/v ethanol:water). The linear responses were in the range between 10 and 300 μg L (R = 0.999), inter-day precision was lower than 8% (n = 10, for 20 μg L) and limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) using 180 s as deposition time were 0.097 μg L and 0.323 μg L, respectively. Recovery values between 95 and 103% for the analysis of bioethanol spiked with known amounts of copper were obtained. These results show great promise of the application of 3D-printed sensors for the quality control of biofuels. Graphical abstract.
我们展示了熔融沉积建模（FDM）3D 打印电极可用于生物乙醇燃料的质量控制。使用炭黑/聚乳酸（CB-PLA）长丝进行 3D 打印，可制造出用于生物燃料分析的导电和可生物降解电极。作为概念验证，我们对燃料生物乙醇中的铜进行了测定，因为此类离子在储存和运输过程中会催化氧化过程。在 0.1 mol L HCl 作为支持电解质的情况下对样品进行稀释后（导致 30:70%v/v 乙醇：水），可实现铜的方波阳极溶出伏安法（SWASV）。线性响应范围在 10 至 300μg L 之间（R=0.999），日内精密度低于 8%（n=10，对于 20μg L），使用 180 s 作为沉积时间时的检测限（LOD）和定量限（LOQ）分别为 0.097μg L 和 0.323μg L。对于分析添加已知量铜的生物乙醇，回收率在 95%至 103%之间。这些结果表明，3D 打印传感器在生物燃料质量控制方面具有广阔的应用前景。
