基于学校的干预对马来西亚青少年健康生活方式和身体成分的知识、态度和实践的有效性。
Effectiveness of a school-based intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice on healthy lifestyle and body composition in Malaysian adolescents.
机构信息
Department of Healthcare Professional, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
出版信息
BMC Pediatr. 2020 Mar 14;20(1):122. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02023-x.
BACKGROUND
The 'Eat Right, Be Positive About Your Body and Live Actively' (EPaL) intervention programme was developed to prevent overweight and disordered eating in Malaysian adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the EPaL programme on knowledge, attitudes and practices on healthy lifestyle and body composition (body mass index z-score [zBMI], waist circumference [WC] and body fat percentage [BF%]) among adolescents.
METHODS
All measures were taken at three time points: before intervention (Pre), after intervention (Post I) and 3 months after intervention (Post II). The intervention group (IG) participated in the EPaL programme for 16 weeks, whereas the comparison group (CG) received no intervention. Seventy-six adolescents (IG: n = 34; CG: n = 42) aged 13-14 years were included in the final analysis. Repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to assess the impact of the EPaL intervention programme on the measures between groups (IG and CG) at Post I and Post II.
RESULTS
The IG reported significantly higher knowledge scores at both Post I (adjusted mean difference = 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.99, 5.69; p = 0.006) and Post II (adjusted mean difference = 2.82; 95% CI = 0.86, 4.78; p = 0.005) compared with the CG. No significant differences between the IG and CG were found at either Post I or Post II in attitudes, practices, zBMI, WC and BF%. The proportion of participants who were overweight or obese was consistent from Pre to Post II in the IG (35.3%) and increased from 26.2% at Pre to 28.5% at Post II in the CG, but the difference was not statistically significant. The proportion of participants who had abdominal obesity in the IG decreased from 17.6% at Pre to 14.7% at Post II and increased from 16.7% at Pre to 21.4% at Post II in the CG, but the differences were not statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
Despite no significant reduction of body composition, this programme shows the positive effect on the adolescents' knowledge regarding healthy lifestyle. This study contributes to the evidence on the effectiveness of school-based health interventions in Malaysian adolescents.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
UMIN Clinical Trial Registration UMIN000024349. Registered 11 October 2016.
背景
“吃得正确，对身体保持积极，积极生活”（EPaL）干预计划旨在预防马来西亚青少年超重和饮食失调。本研究旨在评估 EPaL 计划对青少年健康生活方式和身体成分（体重指数 z 分数[zBMI]、腰围[WC]和体脂百分比[BF%]）的知识、态度和实践的有效性。
方法
所有测量均在三个时间点进行：干预前（Pre）、干预后（Post I）和干预后 3 个月（Post II）。干预组（IG）参加了 16 周的 EPaL 计划，而对照组（CG）没有接受干预。共有 76 名青少年（IG：n=34；CG：n=42）纳入最终分析。采用重复测量协方差分析（ANCOVA）评估 EPaL 干预计划对 Post I 和 Post II 时 IG 和 CG 之间措施的影响。
结果
IG 在 Post I（调整后的平均差异=3.34；95%置信区间[CI]为 0.99，5.69；p=0.006）和 Post II（调整后的平均差异=2.82；95%CI 为 0.86，4.78；p=0.005）的知识得分均显著高于 CG。IG 与 CG 在态度、实践、zBMI、WC 和 BF%方面，在 Post I 或 Post II 时均无显著差异。IG 中超重或肥胖的参与者比例从 Pre 到 Post II 保持一致（35.3%），CG 中从 Pre 时的 26.2%增加到 Post II 时的 28.5%，但差异无统计学意义。IG 中腹部肥胖的参与者比例从 Pre 时的 17.6%降至 Post II 时的 14.7%，CG 中从 Pre 时的 16.7%增加到 Post II 时的 21.4%，但差异无统计学意义。
结论
尽管身体成分没有显著减少，但该计划显示出对青少年健康生活方式知识的积极影响。本研究为马来西亚青少年的基于学校的健康干预措施的有效性提供了证据。
试验注册
UMIN 临床研究注册 UMIN000024349。注册于 2016 年 10 月 11 日。
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