Khalique Abdul, Zeng Dong, Shoaib Muhammad, Wang Hesong, Qing Xiaodan, Rajput Danish Sharafat, Pan Kangcheng, Ni Xueqin
Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan.
AMB Express. 2020 Mar 14;10(1):50. doi: 10.1186/s13568-020-00989-6.
Subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE) caused by Clostridium perfringens (CP), is an important disease in chickens, which causes huge economic losses by damaging the intestinal mucosa, decreasing digestion and absorption of nutrients. Use of antibiotics at a sub-therapeutic level as antimicrobial growth promoters in poultry feed prevents the birds from SNE and improves growth. Due to the ban on the use of antibiotics in 2006 as antimicrobial growth promoters have led to the reemergence of the disease. Worldwide numerous studies have been carried out to investigate the alternatives to antibiotics for the prevention of SNE. Possible alternatives to control SNE include probiotics, prebiotics, bacteriophages, essential oils, organic acids, secondary metabolites and other microbial products. Currently, probiotics are most extensively used in poultry production as an alternative to antibiotics. This review summarizes recent insights and experimental evidence on the use of different microorganisms like Bacillus, Lactic acid bacteria, Bifidobacteria, Enterococcus, yeast, etc. as valuable probiotics for prevention of SNE and potential molecular mechanisms responsible for ameliorating effects of probiotics against SNE.
由产气荚膜梭菌（CP）引起的亚临床坏死性肠炎（SNE）是鸡的一种重要疾病，它通过损害肠道黏膜、降低营养物质的消化和吸收而造成巨大经济损失。在禽类饲料中使用亚治疗水平的抗生素作为抗菌生长促进剂可预防鸡患SNE并促进生长。由于2006年禁止将抗生素用作抗菌生长促进剂，导致该病再次出现。世界各地已开展了大量研究来探究预防SNE的抗生素替代品。控制SNE的可能替代品包括益生菌、益生元、噬菌体、精油、有机酸、次生代谢产物及其他微生物产品。目前，益生菌作为抗生素的替代品在禽类生产中应用最为广泛。本综述总结了关于使用不同微生物（如芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、双歧杆菌、肠球菌、酵母等）作为预防SNE的有价值益生菌的最新见解和实验证据，以及益生菌对SNE改善作用的潜在分子机制。
