Privalova L G, Kus' G, Zaikov G E
Polim Med. 1988;18(1-2):67-89.
Polyester fibres were started to be used as synthetic polymer material in the mid-1950's. In comparison with polyamides they have a greater chemical and biological durability. Their elasticity, resistance to weather, abrasive strength, low susceptibility to sorption, distortion strength, no toxicity, resistance to heat treatment in sterilization, moderate capillarity, gave the polyesters their present wide usability in various fields of surgery. Polyester fibres most frequently used are: ethyl terephthalate, lawsan, dacron, terylene, elana, torlene, terytal, tetron, etc. They are used as surgical threads, knitted and weaved fabric, vascular prostheses, tendons, ligaments and bands in hernia plastic operation, in reconstruction of abdomen wall and chest and in diaphragm prosthetics. In most cases the grafts had a high mechanical and physical resistance, were biologically immune, and healed well. Polyester fibres can be modified in order to increase the durability of their anastomosis with organic tissues and to give them long gemicidal activity. The main factors which cause the fibre decomposition are the processes of hydrolysis, oxidation, and enzymatic deconstruction. In many reports knitted and gauze fabric were said to be superior to the knitted ones. It was found that by use of polyester vascular prostheses good results can be obtained in implanting them to the aorta and its branches, while in implanting into small and medium blood vessels thrombi form. On the basis of macrokinetic parameters of lavsan prostheses destruction in the organism a method for predicting the length of the exploatation properties loss of the polymer were proposed. The results were mostly convergent with the experimental ones.
聚酯纤维在20世纪50年代中期开始被用作合成聚合物材料。与聚酰胺相比，它们具有更高的化学和生物耐久性。聚酯纤维的弹性、耐候性、耐磨强度、低吸附敏感性、抗变形强度、无毒性、耐灭菌热处理、适度的毛细作用，使其在外科手术的各个领域得到了广泛应用。最常用的聚酯纤维有：对苯二甲酸乙二酯、洛桑纤维、涤纶、特丽纶、伊拉娜纤维、托伦纤维、特里塔尔纤维、泰特纶等。它们被用作手术缝线、针织和编织织物、血管假体、肌腱、疝修补手术中的韧带和束带、腹壁和胸部重建以及膈肌修复。在大多数情况下，移植物具有较高的机械和物理抗性，具有生物免疫性，愈合良好。聚酯纤维可以进行改性，以提高其与有机组织吻合的耐久性，并赋予其长效杀菌活性。导致纤维分解的主要因素是水解、氧化和酶解过程。许多报告称针织和纱布织物优于针织织物。研究发现，使用聚酯血管假体植入主动脉及其分支可取得良好效果，而植入中小血管时会形成血栓。基于洛桑纤维假体在生物体内破坏的宏观动力学参数，提出了一种预测聚合物使用寿命特性损失长度的方法。结果大多与实验结果一致。
