Dantas T A, Carneiro Neto J P, Alves J L, Vaz Paula C S, Silva F S
CMEMS - Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems, University of Minho, Portugal; MIT Portugal Program - School of Engineering, University of Minho, Portugal.
CMEMS - Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems, University of Minho, Portugal.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2020 Apr;104:103667. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103667. Epub 2020 Feb 2.
Tooth loss is a problem that affects both old and young people. It may be caused by several conditions, such as poor oral hygiene, lifestyle choices or even diseases like periodontal disease, tooth grinding or diabetes. Nowadays, replacing a missing tooth by an implant is a very common process. However, many limitations regarding the actual strategies can be enumerated. Conventional screwed implants tend to induce high levels of stress in the peri-implant bone area, leading to bone loss, bacterial bio-film formation, and subsequent implant failure. In this sense, root-analogue dental implants are becoming promising solutions for immediate implantation due to their minimally invasive nature, improved bone stress distribution and because they do not require bone drilling, sinus lift, bone augmentation nor other traumatic procedures. The aim of this study was to analyse and compare, by means of FEA, the stress fields of peri-implant bone around root-analogue and screwed conventional zirconia implants. For that purpose, one root-analogue implant, one root-analogue implant with flaps, two conventional implants (with different threads) and a replica of a natural tooth were modelled. COMSOL was used to perform the analysis and implants were subjected to two simultaneous loads: 100 N axially and 100 N oblique (45°). RESULTS: revealed that root-analogue implants, namely with flaps, should be considered as promising alternatives for dental implant solutions since they promote a better stress distribution in the cortical bone when compared with conventional implants.
牙齿缺失是一个影响老年人和年轻人的问题。它可能由多种情况引起，如口腔卫生不良、生活方式选择，甚至像牙周病、磨牙症或糖尿病等疾病。如今，通过植入物替代缺失牙齿是一个非常常见的过程。然而，可以列举出许多关于实际策略的局限性。传统的螺纹植入物往往会在种植体周围骨区域引起高水平的应力，导致骨质流失、细菌生物膜形成以及随后的种植体失败。从这个意义上说，牙根模拟牙科植入物由于其微创性质、改善的骨应力分布，并且不需要骨钻孔、鼻窦提升、骨增量或其他创伤性手术，正成为即刻植入的有前景的解决方案。本研究的目的是通过有限元分析（FEA）分析和比较牙根模拟植入物和螺纹传统氧化锆植入物周围种植体周围骨的应力场。为此，对一个牙根模拟植入物、一个带瓣的牙根模拟植入物、两个传统植入物（有不同螺纹）和一颗天然牙的复制品进行了建模。使用COMSOL进行分析，植入物承受两种同时加载：轴向100 N和倾斜（45°）100 N。结果表明，带瓣的牙根模拟植入物应被视为牙科植入物解决方案的有前景的替代方案，因为与传统植入物相比，它们在皮质骨中促进了更好的应力分布。
