Gharekhani Jamal, Yakhchali Mohammad
1Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Laboratory Sciences, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Iranian Veterinary Organization, Hamedan Veterinary Office, Ayatollah-Rafsanjani Street, Hamedan, 6519611156 Iran.
J Parasit Dis. 2020 Mar;44(1):116-121. doi: 10.1007/s12639-019-01167-7. Epub 2019 Oct 12.
Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic food-borne disease with global distribution. The principal aim of this research was to detect the seroprevalence of infection in cattle, dogs and cats in dairy farms with high incidence of abortion, as well as to identify associated risk factors in Hamedan, Iran. A number of four large dairy farms with high history of abortion were selected and evaluated for risk factors associated to infection. Blood samples were taken from 400 of pregnant cattle, 85 of dogs and 35 of cats (all of the dogs and cats population from interring and around of farms were sampled). The samples were examined for presence of antibodies to infection using ELISA technique. Seroprevalence of infection were detected 13% in cattle, 47.1% in dogs and 40% in cats. With regard to cattle seropositivity and associated risk factors, significant differences were found regarding abortion history ( = 0.026), race ( = 0.035), rodents' presence in farm ( = 0.006) and age groups ( = 0.011). Also, there were no significant differences between seroprevalence rate and stage of gestation ( = 0.998), type of breeding service ( = 0.561), stillbirth history ( = 0.302), dog contact with herd ( = 0.302) as well as poultry presence in the farm ( = 0.302). In both dogs and cats, the seroprevalence rate for females was higher than males ( < 0.05); also, no significant differences were seen in age groups ( > 0.05). This is the comprehensive evaluation of risk factors associated to toxoplasmosis in Iranian dairy farms at the first time. Our finding indicated that toxoplasmosis may partly be responsible for transmission to humans and also abortion and economic losses in dairy farms. Improve the sanitary strategies for reducing the risk factors in animals' husbandry and launching control programs are recommended.
弓形虫病是一种全球分布的人畜共患食源性疾病。本研究的主要目的是检测流产率高的奶牛场中牛、狗和猫的感染血清阳性率，并确定伊朗哈马丹的相关风险因素。选择了四个有高流产史的大型奶牛场，并对与感染相关的风险因素进行评估。从400头怀孕母牛、85只狗和35只猫（对农场内部及周边所有的狗和猫进行采样）采集血样。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术检测样品中是否存在针对感染的抗体。检测到牛的感染血清阳性率为13%，狗为47.1%，猫为40%。关于牛的血清阳性及相关风险因素，在流产史（P = 0.026）、品种（P = 0.035）、农场中啮齿动物的存在情况（P = 0.006）和年龄组（P = 0.011）方面发现了显著差异。此外，血清阳性率与妊娠阶段（P = 0.998）、繁殖服务类型（P = 0.561）、死产史（P = 0.302）、狗与牛群的接触情况（P = 0.302）以及农场中家禽的存在情况（P = 0.302）之间没有显著差异。在狗和猫中，雌性的血清阳性率均高于雄性（P < 0.05）；此外，在年龄组方面未观察到显著差异（P > 0.05）。这是首次对伊朗奶牛场中与弓形虫病相关的风险因素进行全面评估。我们的研究结果表明，弓形虫病可能部分导致了向人类的传播以及奶牛场中的流产和经济损失。建议改进卫生策略以降低畜牧业中的风险因素并启动控制项目。
