Ashton Kathryn, Parry-Williams Lee, Dyakova Mariana, Green Liz
Policy and International Health, WHO Collaborating Centre on Investment for Health and Well-being and the Wales Health Impact Support Unit, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
WHO Collaborating Centre for Healthy Urban Environments, University of West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Front Public Health. 2020 Feb 27;8:49. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00049. eCollection 2020.
Assessing the positive and negative impact of policies, services and interventions on health and well-being is of great importance to public health. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) and Social Return on Investment (SROI) are established methodologies which assess potential effects on health and well-being, including social, economic and environmental factors, indicating synergies, and cross-over in their approach. Within this paper, we explore how HIA and SROI could complement each other to capture and account for the impact and social value of an assessed intervention or policy. A scoping review of academic and gray literature was undertaken to identify case studies published between January 1996 and April 2019 where HIA and SROI methodologies have been used to complement each other previously. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with nine international experts from a range of regulatory and legislative contexts to gain a deeper understanding of past experiences and expertise of both HIA and SROI. A thematic analysis was undertaken on the data collected. The scoping review identified two published reports on scenarios where HIA and SROI have both been used to assess the same intervention. Results from the interviews suggest that both methods have strengths as standalone methodologies. HIAs were noted to be well-structured in their approach, assessing health and well-being in its broadest context. SROI was noted to add value by monetizing social value, as well as capturing the social and environmental impact. Similarities of the two methods was suggested as their strong emphasis on stakeholder engagement and common shared principles. When questioned how the two methods could complement each other in practice, our results indicate the benefits of using HIA as an initial exploration of impact, potentially using SROI subsequently to monetarize social value. HIA and SROI have many synergies in their approaches. This research suggests potential benefits when used in tandem, or combining the methods to assess impact and account for social value. Further research is needed to understand the implications of this in practice, and to understand how the results of the two methods could be used by decision-makers.
评估政策、服务和干预措施对健康与福祉的正面和负面影响，对公共卫生至关重要。健康影响评估（HIA）和社会投资回报（SROI）是既定的方法，用于评估对健康与福祉的潜在影响，包括社会、经济和环境因素，显示出协同效应以及方法上的交叉。在本文中，我们探讨了HIA和SROI如何相互补充，以捕捉和核算所评估的干预措施或政策的影响及社会价值。我们对学术文献和灰色文献进行了范围界定审查，以识别1996年1月至2019年4月期间发表的案例研究，这些案例研究此前曾使用HIA和SROI方法相互补充。我们对来自一系列监管和立法背景的九位国际专家进行了半结构化访谈，以更深入地了解HIA和SROI过去的经验和专业知识。对收集到的数据进行了主题分析。范围界定审查确定了两份已发表的报告，内容涉及同时使用HIA和SROI评估同一干预措施的情景。访谈结果表明，这两种方法作为独立方法都有优势。HIA的方法结构良好，在最广泛的背景下评估健康与福祉。SROI通过将社会价值货币化以及捕捉社会和环境影响而被认为具有价值。这两种方法的相似之处在于它们都非常强调利益相关者参与和共同的共享原则。当被问及这两种方法在实践中如何相互补充时，我们的结果表明，将HIA用作影响的初步探索，随后可能使用SROI将社会价值货币化有诸多益处。HIA和SROI在方法上有许多协同效应。本研究表明，将两者结合使用或合并方法以评估影响和核算社会价值可能带来潜在益处。需要进一步研究以了解这在实践中的影响，以及决策者如何使用这两种方法的结果。
