Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town , Rondebosch, South Africa.
Cricket South Africa , Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Sports Sci. 2020 May;38(10):1096-1104. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1741973. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
This study aimed to describe stationary overhead throwing biomechanics in South African cricketers, considering playing level, and relative to baseball. Kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected during throwing trials. Inverse dynamics was used to calculate joint kinetics. Inter-subject variability was calculated using the coefficient of variance. A one-dimensional statistical parametric mapping ANOVA was conducted to assess differences between the kinematic waveforms in elite and amateur cricketers (p < 0.05). Fifteen cricketers (elite = 8; amateur = 7) participated in this study. The basic parameters of a cricketer's throwing action are described. Substantial inter-subject variability was noted for all variables, except lumbopelvic movement. Cricketers presented with 74.9 ± 27.3° glenohumeral external rotation and 94.8 ± 23.7° elbow flexion, at maximum external rotation (MER). Amateur cricketers displayed decreased elbow flexion range of motion between 2-14% of the throwing cycle (F = 9.365;p = 0.01); greater shoulder (121.0vs85.9 N; F = 0.36,p = 0.021) and elbow compression (105.6vs72.8 N;F = 0.007,p = 0.043), and superior shoulder force (203.1vs115.5 N;F = 2.43,p = 0.022) at MER, when compared with elite cricketers. Cricketers display similarities to baseball pitchers when throwing overhead from a stationary position. The "preparatory arc" utilised is different to the wind-up noted for baseball. The forces exerted on the shoulder and elbow, in amateur cricketers specifically, are substantially greater at MER and may indicate the potential risk for injury.
本研究旨在描述南非板球运动员的定点 overhead 投掷生物力学，同时考虑到他们的比赛水平，并与棒球进行比较。在投掷试验中收集了运动学和地面反作用力数据。使用逆动力学计算关节动力学。使用变异系数计算了个体间的可变性。通过一维统计参数映射 ANOVA 来评估精英和业余板球运动员之间的运动学波形差异（p < 0.05）。共有 15 名板球运动员（精英组 8 人，业余组 7 人）参与了本研究。描述了板球运动员投掷动作的基本参数。除了腰骶部运动外，所有变量的个体间可变性都很大。运动员在最大外旋（MER）时表现出 74.9 ± 27.3°的盂肱关节外旋和 94.8 ± 23.7°的肘部弯曲。业余板球运动员在投掷周期的 2-14%范围内显示出较小的肘部弯曲运动范围（F = 9.365;p = 0.01）；更大的肩部（121.0 与 85.9 N；F = 0.36，p = 0.021）和肘部压缩（105.6 与 72.8 N；F = 0.007，p = 0.043）以及在 MER 时肩部上方的力（203.1 与 115.5 N；F = 2.43，p = 0.022），与精英板球运动员相比。当从静止位置进行 overhead 投掷时，板球运动员与棒球投手有相似之处。使用的“预备弧”与棒球中提到的挥棒不同。在 MER 时，特别是在业余板球运动员中，施加在肩部和肘部的力要大得多，这可能表明受伤的潜在风险。
