PEIE Research Chair for the Development of Industrial Estates and Free Zones, Center for Environmental Studies and Research, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman.
Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman; Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jun 15;721:137778. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137778. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
Nanotechnology has shown promising potential to promote sustainable agriculture. This article reviews the recent developments on applications of nanotechnology in agriculture including crop production and protection with emphasis on nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanobiosensors and nano-enabled remediation strategies for contaminated soils. Nanomaterials play an important role regarding the fate, mobility and toxicity of soil pollutants and are essential part of different biotic and abiotic remediation strategies. Efficiency and fate of nanomaterials is strongly dictated by their properties and interactions with soil constituents which is also critically discussed in this review. Investigations into the remediation applications and fate of nanoparticles in soil remain scarce and are mostly limited to laboratory studies. Once entered in the soil system, nanomaterials may affect the soil quality and plant growth which is discussed in context of their effects on nutrient release in target soils, soil biota, soil organic matter and plant morphological and physiological responses. The mechanisms involved in uptake and translocation of nanomaterials within plants and associated defense mechanisms have also been discussed. Future research directions have been identified to promote the research into sustainable development of nano-enabled agriculture.
纳米技术在促进可持续农业方面显示出了巨大的潜力。本文综述了纳米技术在农业中的应用，包括作物生产和保护，重点介绍了纳米肥料、纳米农药、纳米生物传感器和纳米修复策略在污染土壤中的应用。纳米材料在土壤污染物的归宿、迁移和毒性方面起着重要作用，是不同生物和非生物修复策略的重要组成部分。纳米材料的效率和归宿强烈取决于其性质以及与土壤成分的相互作用，这在本综述中也进行了批判性讨论。关于纳米颗粒在土壤中的修复应用和归宿的研究仍然很少，而且大多局限于实验室研究。一旦进入土壤系统，纳米材料可能会影响土壤质量和植物生长，本文还讨论了它们对目标土壤中养分释放、土壤生物区系、土壤有机质和植物形态及生理反应的影响。本文还讨论了纳米材料在植物体内的吸收和转运及其相关防御机制所涉及的机制。确定了未来的研究方向，以促进纳米技术在可持续农业发展方面的研究。
