Hülsey Max J, Lim Chia Wei, Yan Ning
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , National University of Singapore , 4 Engineering Drive 4 , 117585 Singapore , Singapore . Email:
Chem Sci. 2020 Jan 14;11(6):1456-1468. doi: 10.1039/c9sc05947d. eCollection 2020 Feb 14.
Despite the indisputable success of conventional approaches to manipulate the performance of heterogeneous catalysts by tuning the composition and structure of active sites, future research on catalysis engineering will likely go beyond the catalyst itself. Recently, several auxiliary promotion methods, either promoting the activity of reagents or enabling optimized adsorbate-catalyst interactions, have been proven as viable strategies to enhance catalytic reactions. Those auxiliary promotion methods range from electric/magnetic fields and electric potentials to mechanic stress, significantly altering the properties of reagent molecules and/or the surface characteristics of nanostructured catalysts. Apart from static enhancement effects, they in principle also allow for spatially and temporally variable modifications of catalyst surfaces. While some of those methods have been demonstrated, some are only theoretically predicted, opening exciting avenues for future experimental advances. Besides fundamental descriptions and comparisons of each activation method, in this perspective we plan to provide examples for the applications of those techniques for a variety of catalytic reactions as diverse as N and CO hydrogenation as well as electrochemical water splitting. Finally, we provide a unifying view and guidelines for future research into the use of promotion methods, generating deeper understanding of the complex dynamics on the nanoparticle surface under auxiliary promotion and the expansion of auxiliary techniques to different sustainability-related reactions.
尽管通过调整活性位点的组成和结构来操控多相催化剂性能的传统方法取得了无可争议的成功，但未来催化工程的研究可能会超越催化剂本身。最近，几种辅助促进方法，无论是促进试剂的活性还是实现优化的吸附质 - 催化剂相互作用，都已被证明是增强催化反应的可行策略。这些辅助促进方法涵盖从电场/磁场、电势到机械应力等，显著改变了试剂分子的性质和/或纳米结构催化剂的表面特性。除了静态增强效应外，它们原则上还允许对催化剂表面进行空间和时间上可变的修饰。虽然其中一些方法已得到验证，但有些仅在理论上有预测，这为未来的实验进展开辟了令人兴奋的途径。除了对每种活化方法进行基本描述和比较外，在本观点文章中，我们计划提供这些技术在各种催化反应中的应用示例，这些反应包括氮和一氧化碳加氢以及电化学水分解等。最后，我们为未来关于促进方法使用的研究提供了统一的观点和指导方针，以便更深入地理解在辅助促进下纳米颗粒表面的复杂动力学，以及将辅助技术扩展到不同的与可持续性相关的反应。
