Mankin Richard W, Patel Rikin, Grugnale Mason, Jetter Ethan
Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, US Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
Insects. 2020 Mar 13;11(3):182. doi: 10.3390/insects11030182.
Adult (ACP) use visual and chemical cues to locate young citrus flush shoots on which they forage and oviposit, and they use vibrational communication duetting calls as cues to help locate mates. For individual pairs, calling and mating usually peaks between 10:00 and 15:00. To explore whether call rates (calls/h) are affected by interactions with nearby conspecifics, rates were compared in small citrus trees on which either 5 or 25 ACP female and male pairs had been released at 17:00 for later recording from sunrise (06:00) to 22:00. Final ACP locations were noted 40 h after release. Call rates were similar in both treatments during normal mating hours. However, rates were significantly higher for low- than high-density treatments between 06:00 and 10:00, which suggests calling during this period may be affected by conspecific density. Both sexes aggregated on flush at both densities. We discuss the potential that ACP producing calls near sunrise, outside of normal mating hours, might benefit from gains in reproductive fitness in low-density contexts if they call not only to locate mates but also to locate preferred flush-in which case, co-opting of vibrations to disrupt both mating and foraging may be feasible.
成年亚洲柑橘木虱利用视觉和化学线索来定位它们觅食和产卵的嫩梢，并且它们利用振动交流二重唱叫声作为线索来帮助寻找配偶。对于个体配对而言，鸣叫和交配通常在10:00至15:00之间达到高峰。为了探究鸣叫频率（次/小时）是否受与附近同种个体相互作用的影响，在小型柑橘树上比较了鸣叫频率，17:00时在这些树上分别释放了5对和25对亚洲柑橘木虱雌雄个体，以便从日出（06:00）到22:00进行后续记录。释放40小时后记录亚洲柑橘木虱的最终位置。在正常交配时间内，两种处理方式下的鸣叫频率相似。然而，在06:00至10:00之间，低密度处理组的鸣叫频率显著高于高密度处理组，这表明在此期间的鸣叫可能受同种个体密度的影响。在两种密度下，雌雄个体都聚集在嫩梢上。我们讨论了这样一种可能性：如果亚洲柑橘木虱在日出附近、正常交配时间之外鸣叫，不仅是为了寻找配偶，也是为了寻找优质嫩梢，那么在低密度环境下它们可能会从繁殖适应性的提高中受益——在这种情况下，利用振动来干扰交配和觅食可能是可行的。
