Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA.
Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 14;17(6):1900. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061900.
The field of disaster and emergency management has shifted in focus towards the goal of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). However, the degree to which the Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) field has followed this trend is relatively unknown. Therefore, the objectives of this review were to identify relevant projects, materials, and publications relating to MHPSS and DRR integration and define current domains of action in this integration. A review was conducted using a two-pronged approach for data collection. This approach included 1) a mapping exercise eliciting relevant documentation and project descriptions from MHPSS actors, and 2) a database and internet literature search. The mapping exercise was conducted between January and November 2019, while the literature search was completed in March 2019. The majority of identified materials concerned actions of capacity and systems building; preparedness; policy development, consensus building, and awareness raising; school- and child-focused DRR; inclusive DRR; and resilience promotion. Results also suggested that relatively little consensus exists in terms of formal definitions of and frameworks or guidance for integrating MHPSS and DRR. Moreover, domains of action varied in terms of current implementation practices and empirical evidence. Materials and projects are reviewed and discussed in terms of implications for advancing the integration of DRR and MHPSS and expanding MHPSS approaches to include building better before emergencies.
灾害和应急管理领域的重点已经转向减少灾害风险（DRR）的目标。然而，心理健康和社会心理支持（MHPSS）领域在多大程度上遵循了这一趋势尚不得而知。因此，本次审查的目的是确定与 MHPSS 和 DRR 整合相关的项目、材料和出版物，并确定这一整合的当前行动领域。本审查采用双管齐下的方法进行数据收集。这种方法包括 1）从 MHPSS 参与者那里征集相关文件和项目描述的映射练习，以及 2）数据库和互联网文献搜索。映射练习于 2019 年 1 月至 11 月进行，而文献搜索于 2019 年 3 月完成。确定的大部分材料都涉及能力和系统建设、备灾、政策制定、共识建立和提高认识、学校和儿童为重点的 DRR、包容性 DRR 和促进复原力等行动。结果还表明，在整合 MHPSS 和 DRR 的正式定义、框架或指导方面，几乎没有达成共识。此外，行动领域在当前实施实践和经验证据方面存在差异。材料和项目根据对推进 DRR 和 MHPSS 整合以及扩大 MHPSS 方法以包括在紧急情况发生前更好地建设的影响进行了审查和讨论。
