自闭症谱系障碍与口腔健康状况：文献综述。
Autism spectrum disorders and oral health status: review of the literature.
机构信息
UNESCO Chair in Health Education and Sustainable Development: Oral Health in Paediatric age, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy - Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Oral Sciences, School of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Oral Sciences, School of Paediatric Dentistry, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy.
出版信息
Eur J Paediatr Dent. 2020 Mar;21(1):9-12. doi: 10.23804/ejpd.2020.21.01.02.
AIM
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterised by impairments in communication and social relationships and by a narrow, repetitive and stereotyped repertoire of activities, behaviours and interests. The aim of this work is to evaluate how these characteristics have an impact on oral health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A search was conducted through MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science in order to evaluate the oral health status of children with ASD and the correlation between ASD and dental caries, periodontal disease, dental injuries, oral microbiota, as well as the different strategies, approach and treatments in ASD patients. Forty-six articles were selected.
RESULTS
Children with ASD are at higher risk of caries, alteration of the periodontal status, alterations of the oral microbiota and increased risk of traumatic injuries.
CONCLUSION
Since ASD is a haeterogeneous disease with a wide range of expressions in individuals, adapted and specific strategies are needed. ASD children represent a challenge for the dental community.
目的
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的特征是在沟通和社交关系方面存在障碍，以及在活动、行为和兴趣方面存在狭隘、重复和刻板的表现。本工作的目的是评估这些特征如何对口腔健康产生影响。
材料和方法
通过 MEDLINE/PubMed 和 Web of Science 进行了搜索，以评估 ASD 儿童的口腔健康状况，以及 ASD 与龋齿、牙周病、牙齿损伤、口腔微生物群之间的相关性，以及 ASD 患者的不同策略、方法和治疗。选择了 46 篇文章。
结果
自闭症谱系障碍儿童患龋齿、牙周状况改变、口腔微生物群改变和创伤性损伤风险增加的风险较高。
结论
由于自闭症谱系障碍是一种具有广泛个体表现的异质性疾病，因此需要适应和具体的策略。自闭症谱系障碍儿童对口腔医学领域来说是一个挑战。
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